[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"article:kaigi-manner":3},{"meta":4,"markdown":75,"quiz":76},{"type":5,"articleId":6,"slug":7,"title":8,"titleEn":9,"category":10,"summary":11,"publishedAt":12,"image":13,"vocabulary":14,"quizId":74},"article","bj-kaigi-manner","kaigi-manner","会議のマナーと進め方 — 司会から議事録まで","Meeting Manners and Facilitation — From Chairing to Minutes","business-japanese","Comprehensive guide to Japanese business meeting protocols: seating order (上座\u002F下座), opening and closing greetings, time management, turn-taking, agreement and disagreement phrasing, and the format and circulation of meeting minutes (議事録). Distinguishes between 報告会, 検討会, and 意思決定会議.\n","2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","https:\u002F\u002Fimages.yamiyomi.com\u002Fbj-kaigi-manner.png",[15,20,25,30,34,38,42,46,50,54,58,62,66,70],{"word":16,"reading":17,"meaning":18,"level":19},"会議","かいぎ","meeting","N3",{"word":21,"reading":22,"meaning":23,"level":24},"司会","しかい","chair","N2",{"word":26,"reading":27,"meaning":28,"level":29},"議事録","ぎじろく","meeting minutes","N1",{"word":31,"reading":32,"meaning":33,"level":29},"上座","かみざ","seat of honor",{"word":35,"reading":36,"meaning":37,"level":29},"下座","しもざ","lower seat",{"word":39,"reading":40,"meaning":41,"level":24},"報告","ほうこく","report",{"word":43,"reading":44,"meaning":45,"level":24},"検討","けんとう","examination",{"word":47,"reading":48,"meaning":49,"level":29},"意思決定","いしけってい","decision-making",{"word":51,"reading":52,"meaning":53,"level":29},"議題","ぎだい","agenda item",{"word":55,"reading":56,"meaning":57,"level":24},"進行","しんこう","proceedings",{"word":59,"reading":60,"meaning":61,"level":24},"賛成","さんせい","agreement",{"word":63,"reading":64,"meaning":65,"level":19},"反対","はんたい","disagreement",{"word":67,"reading":68,"meaning":69,"level":29},"配布","はいふ","distribution",{"word":71,"reading":72,"meaning":73,"level":29},"回覧","かいらん","circulation","bj-meeting-quiz","\n::para\n[日本]{にほん:Japan:N5}の[企業]{きぎょう:company:N1}における[会議]{かいぎ:meeting:N3}は、[単]{たん:simply:N3}に[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}を[共有]{きょうゆう:share:N3}する[場]{ば:place:N4}ではなく、[組織]{そしき:organization:N1}の[人間]{にんげん:human:N5}[関係]{かんけい:relationship:N3}や[序列]{じょれつ:hierarchy:N1}を[反映]{はんえい:reflect:N3}する[重要]{じゅうよう:important:N3}な[儀式]{ぎしき:ritual:N1}でもあります。[適切]{てきせつ:appropriate:N3}な[マナー]{まなー:manners}を[身]{み:self:N4}に[つけて]{つけて:to acquire}おくことは、[新人]{しんじん:newcomer:N4}から[管理]{かんり:management:N2}[職]{しょく:position:N3}まで、すべての[ビジネスパーソン]{びじねすぱーそん:businessperson}にとって[必須]{ひっす:essential:N1}の[スキル]{すきる:skill}です。\n\n#en\nMeetings in Japanese companies are not simply venues for sharing information — they are also important rituals that reflect the organization's interpersonal relationships and hierarchy. Acquiring proper manners is an essential skill for every businessperson, from newcomers to managers.\n::\n\n::heading\n[会議]{かいぎ:meeting:N3}の[3]{さん:three}つの[類型]{るいけい:type:N2}\n\n#en\nThree Types of Meetings\n::\n\n::para\n[日本]{にほん:Japan:N5}の[ビジネス]{びじねす:business}[現場]{げんば:workplace:N3}では[会議]{かいぎ:meeting:N3}を[大きく]{おおきく:broadly:N5}[3]{さん:three}つに[分けて]{わけて:divide:N5}[考えます]{かんがえます:consider:N4}。[第一]{だいいち:first:N1}に[報告]{ほうこく:report:N3}[会]{かい:meeting:N4}、[第二]{だいに:second:N1}に[検討]{けんとう:deliberation:N1}[会]{かい:meeting:N4}、[第三]{だいさん:third:N1}に[意思決定]{いしけってい:decision-making:N3}[会議]{かいぎ:meeting:N3}です。[報告]{ほうこく:report:N3}[会]{かい:meeting:N4}は[進捗]{しんちょく:progress:N1}や[成果]{せいか:results:N3}を[共有]{きょうゆう:share:N3}することが[目的]{もくてき:purpose:N4}で、[議論]{ぎろん:discussion:N3}は[最小限]{さいしょうげん:minimal:N3}に[抑えられます]{おさえられます:kept to a minimum:N1}。[検討]{けんとう:deliberation:N1}[会]{かい:meeting:N4}は[案]{あん:proposal:N1}を[練る]{ねる:to refine:N2}ための[場]{ば:place:N4}で、[結論]{けつろん:conclusion:N1}を[出さない]{ださない:not draw:N5}ことも[多い]{おおい:often:N4}です。[意思決定]{いしけってい:decision-making:N3}[会議]{かいぎ:meeting:N3}は[最終]{さいしゅう:final:N3}[決裁]{けっさい:approval:N1}を[行う]{おこなう:to conduct:N5}[場]{ば:place:N4}であり、[多くの]{おおくの:many:N4}[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}は[根回し]{ねまわし:pre-alignment:N2}が[終わって]{おわって:finished:N4}いる[前提]{ぜんてい:premise:N1}で[開かれます]{ひらかれます:held:N4}。\n\n#en\nIn Japanese workplaces, meetings are broadly divided into three categories. First, the report meeting (hokoku-kai); second, the deliberation meeting (kento-kai); and third, the decision-making meeting (ishi-kettei kaigi). Report meetings aim to share progress and results, with discussion kept minimal. Deliberation meetings are venues to refine proposals, often without drawing conclusions. Decision-making meetings are where final approval takes place, and in many cases they are held on the premise that pre-meeting alignment (nemawashi) has already been completed.\n::\n\n::callout\n[重要]{じゅうよう:important:N3}：[会議]{かいぎ:meeting:N3}の[類型]{るいけい:type:N2}を[誤解]{ごかい:misunderstand:N3}すると、[報告]{ほうこく:report:N3}[会]{かい:meeting:N4}で[いきなり]{いきなり:abruptly}[決定]{けってい:decision:N3}を[迫る]{せまる:to push for:N1}など、[空気]{くうき:atmosphere:N4}を[読めない]{よめない:cannot read:N5}[人]{ひと:person:N5}と[評価]{ひょうか:judged:N1}されてしまいます。[案内]{あんない:invitation:N1}メールの[件名]{けんめい:subject line:N3}や[アジェンダ]{あじぇんだ:agenda}で[必ず]{かならず:always:N3}[類型]{るいけい:type:N2}を[確認]{かくにん:confirm:N3}しましょう。\n\n#en\nIMPORTANT: Misunderstanding the meeting type — for example, abruptly pushing for a decision in a report meeting — will get you labeled as someone who \"cannot read the air.\" Always confirm the type from the invitation email subject and agenda.\n::\n\n::heading\n[座席]{ざせき:seating:N3}の[順序]{じゅんじょ:order:N1} — [上座]{かみざ:seat of honor:N3}と[下座]{しもざ:lower seat:N3}\n\n#en\nSeating Order — Kamiza and Shimoza\n::\n\n::para\n[会議]{かいぎ:meeting:N3}[室]{しつ:room:N4}の[座席]{ざせき:seating:N3}には[明確]{めいかく:clear:N3}な[ルール]{るーる:rule}があります。[入口]{いりぐち:entrance:N4}から[最も]{もっとも:most:N3}[遠い]{とおい:far:N3}[席]{せき:seat:N3}が[上座]{かみざ:seat of honor:N3}で、[最も]{もっとも:most:N3}[目上]{めうえ:senior:N4}の[人]{ひと:person:N5}や[来客]{らいきゃく:visitor:N3}が[座ります]{すわります:sits:N3}。[入口]{いりぐち:entrance:N4}に[最も]{もっとも:most:N3}[近い]{ちかい:close:N4}[席]{せき:seat:N3}が[下座]{しもざ:lower seat:N3}で、[若手]{わかて:junior:N3}や[司会]{しかい:chair:N1}[者]{しゃ:person:N4}、[議事録]{ぎじろく:minutes:N2}[担当]{たんとう:responsible:N2}が[座ります]{すわります:sits:N3}。これは[来客]{らいきゃく:visitor:N3}を[ドア]{どあ:door}の[出入り]{でいり:coming and going:N5}や[騒音]{そうおん:noise:N1}から[守る]{まもる:to protect:N3}という[配慮]{はいりょ:consideration:N1}に[由来]{ゆらい:originates from:N3}しています。[円卓]{えんたく:round table:N1}の[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}でも[同様]{どうよう:same:N3}の[考え方]{かんがえかた:way of thinking:N4}で、[入口]{いりぐち:entrance:N4}から[遠い]{とおい:far:N3}[ほど]{ほど:the more}[上位]{じょうい:higher rank:N3}になります。\n\n#en\nMeeting room seating follows clear rules. The seat farthest from the entrance is the kamiza (seat of honor), where the most senior person or visitor sits. The seat closest to the entrance is the shimoza (lower seat), where junior staff, the chair, or the minutes-taker sits. This originates from the consideration of protecting visitors from door traffic and noise. The same thinking applies at round tables: the farther from the entrance, the higher the rank.\n::\n\n::callout\n[実務]{じつむ:practical:N3}[ヒント]{ひんと:tip}：[迷ったら]{まよったら:if unsure:N3}[下座]{しもざ:lower seat:N3}に[座って]{すわって:to sit:N3}「こちらでよろしいでしょうか」と[確認]{かくにん:confirm:N3}するのが[安全]{あんぜん:safe:N3}です。[勝手]{かって:on your own:N3}に[上座]{かみざ:seat of honor:N3}に[座る]{すわる:to sit:N3}ことは[失礼]{しつれい:rude:N3}に[当たります]{あたります:considered:N3}。\n\n#en\nPRACTICAL TIP: If unsure, the safe move is to sit at the shimoza and confirm with \"Is this seat okay?\" Sitting at the kamiza on your own is considered rude.\n::\n\n::heading\n[会議]{かいぎ:meeting:N3}の[開始]{かいし:opening:N4} — [挨拶]{あいさつ:greeting:N1}と[時間]{じかん:time:N5}[管理]{かんり:management:N2}\n\n#en\nOpening the Meeting — Greetings and Time Management\n::\n\n::para\n[会議]{かいぎ:meeting:N3}は[定刻]{ていこく:scheduled time:N3}に[開始]{かいし:start:N4}するのが[原則]{げんそく:principle:N2}です。[5]{ご:five}[分前]{ふんまえ:minutes before:N5}には[全員]{ぜんいん:everyone:N3}が[着席]{ちゃくせき:seated:N3}しているのが[望ましく]{のぞましく:desirable:N3}、[遅刻]{ちこく:late arrival:N3}は[必ず]{かならず:without fail:N3}[事前]{じぜん:in advance:N4}に[連絡]{れんらく:notify:N2}します。[司会]{しかい:chair:N1}は[開始]{かいし:start:N4}[時刻]{じこく:time:N3}になったら「[お忙しい]{おいそがしい:busy:N3}[ところ]{ところ:time}お[集まり]{あつまり:gathering:N4}いただき、ありがとうございます」と[一言]{ひとこと:brief remark:N4}[述べて]{のべて:to state:N2}から[本題]{ほんだい:main topic:N4}に[入ります]{はいります:enter:N5}。[アジェンダ]{あじぇんだ:agenda}と[終了]{しゅうりょう:end:N2}[予定]{よてい:scheduled:N3}[時刻]{じこく:time:N3}を[最初]{さいしょ:beginning:N3}に[共有]{きょうゆう:share:N3}し、[各]{かく:each:N2}[議題]{ぎだい:agenda item:N3}に[何分]{なんぷん:how many minutes:N5}[使う]{つかう:to use:N4}かを[明示]{めいじ:specify:N3}することで、[時間]{じかん:time:N5}[超過]{ちょうか:overrun:N2}を[防ぎます]{ふせぎます:prevent:N2}。\n\n#en\nMeetings should start at the scheduled time as a principle. It is desirable for everyone to be seated five minutes early, and lateness must always be communicated in advance. At the start time, the chair states briefly, \"Thank you for gathering despite your busy schedules,\" before entering the main topic. Sharing the agenda and scheduled end time at the beginning, and specifying how many minutes each item will take, prevents time overruns.\n::\n\n::heading\n[発言]{はつげん:speaking:N4}の[順序]{じゅんじょ:order:N1}と[挙手]{きょしゅ:hand-raising:N1}\n\n#en\nOrder of Speaking and Raising One's Hand\n::\n\n::para\n[日本]{にほん:Japan:N5}の[会議]{かいぎ:meeting:N3}では、[米国]{べいこく:USA:N3}スタイルの[活発]{かっぱつ:lively:N3}な[割り込み]{わりこみ:interruption:N3}は[歓迎]{かんげい:welcomed:N1}されません。[発言]{はつげん:speaking:N4}したい[時]{とき:time:N5}は[挙手]{きょしゅ:raise hand:N1}するか、[司会]{しかい:chair:N1}に[目]{め:eye:N4}を[合わせて]{あわせて:to make contact:N3}[指名]{しめい:nominate:N3}を[待ちます]{まちます:wait for:N4}。[役職]{やくしょく:position:N3}が[上]{うえ:senior:N5}の[人]{ひと:person:N5}から[順]{じゅん:order:N2}に[意見]{いけん:opinion:N4}を[求める]{もとめる:to ask for:N3}[傾向]{けいこう:tendency:N2}がありますが、[最近]{さいきん:recently:N3}は[心理的]{しんりてき:psychological:N4}[安全性]{あんぜんせい:safety:N3}を[重視]{じゅうし:emphasize:N1}し、[若手]{わかて:junior staff:N3}から[先]{さき:first:N5}に[発言]{はつげん:speaking:N4}を[促す]{うながす:to encourage:N1}[企業]{きぎょう:company:N1}も[増えて]{ふえて:increasing:N3}います。[発言]{はつげん:speaking:N4}は[結論]{けつろん:conclusion:N1}から[述べる]{のべる:to state:N2}（[PREP法]{ぴーれっぷほう:PREP method:N3}）のが[ビジネス]{びじねす:business}の[基本]{きほん:basic:N1}です。\n\n#en\nIn Japanese meetings, US-style lively interruptions are not welcomed. When you want to speak, raise your hand or make eye contact with the chair and wait to be called on. There is a tendency to ask for opinions starting from the most senior position, but recently, more companies are emphasizing psychological safety and encouraging junior staff to speak first. Stating the conclusion first (PREP method) is the business basic.\n::\n\n::heading\n[賛成]{さんせい:agreement:N3}と[反対]{はんたい:disagreement:N3}の[表現]{ひょうげん:expression:N3}\n\n#en\nPhrasing Agreement and Disagreement\n::\n\n::para\n[賛成]{さんせい:agreement:N3}を[示す]{しめす:to show:N3}[際]{さい:when:N3}は「[おっしゃる]{おっしゃる:said}[通り]{とおり:exactly:N4}です」「[私]{わたし:I:N4}も[同感]{どうかん:same view:N3}です」「[その]{その:that}[方向]{ほうこう:direction:N3}で[進めて]{すすめて:to proceed:N3}いただければと[思います]{おもいます:think:N4}」などの[表現]{ひょうげん:expression:N3}を[使います]{つかいます:use:N4}。[反対]{はんたい:disagreement:N3}は[直接的]{ちょくせつてき:directly:N2}に「[反対]{はんたい:disagree:N3}です」と[言わず]{いわず:not say:N4}、「[一]{いち:one:N5}つ[気]{き:concern:N5}になる[点]{てん:point:N3}が」「[別]{べつ:another:N4}の[視点]{してん:perspective:N1}から[見ると]{みると:looking:N5}」「[念のため]{ねんのため:for caution:N3}[確認]{かくにん:confirm:N3}させていただきたいのですが」など、[クッション]{くっしょん:cushion}[言葉]{ことば:words:N3}を[挟んで]{はさんで:to insert:N2}[相手]{あいて:other party:N3}の[面子]{めんつ:face:N3}を[守ります]{まもります:protect:N3}。[完全]{かんぜん:complete:N3}に[否定]{ひてい:deny:N3}するのではなく、「[A案]{えーあん:Plan A:N1}も[良い]{よい:good:N3}と[思います]{おもいます:think:N4}が、[B案]{びーあん:Plan B:N1}も[検討]{けんとう:consider:N1}してはいかがでしょうか」と[代替]{だいたい:alternative:N2}[案]{あん:proposal:N1}を[提示]{ていじ:present:N1}するのが[望ましい]{のぞましい:desirable:N3}です。\n\n#en\nTo express agreement, use phrases like \"exactly as you said,\" \"I share the same view,\" or \"I'd appreciate proceeding in that direction.\" For disagreement, do not say \"I disagree\" directly; insert cushion words such as \"there's one point I'm concerned about,\" \"looking from another perspective,\" or \"just to confirm, if I may.\" This protects the other party's face. Rather than completely denying, presenting an alternative is desirable: \"Plan A is good, but how about also considering Plan B?\"\n::\n\n::callout\n[よく]{よく:often}ある[失敗]{しっぱい:mistake:N3}：「No」を[直接]{ちょくせつ:directly:N2}[使う]{つかう:to use:N4}と、[内容]{ないよう:content:N3}は[正しくても]{ただしくても:even if correct:N4}「[協調性]{きょうちょうせい:cooperativeness:N2}がない」と[受け取られ]{うけとられ:perceived as:N3}、[評価]{ひょうか:evaluation:N1}を[落とします]{おとします:to lower:N3}。[反対]{はんたい:disagreement:N3}は「[懸念]{けねん:concern:N1}」「[論点]{ろんてん:point of discussion:N3}」として[提示]{ていじ:present:N1}しましょう。\n\n#en\nCOMMON MISTAKE: Using \"No\" directly — even if your content is correct — comes across as \"lacking cooperativeness\" and lowers your evaluation. Present disagreement as a \"concern\" or \"discussion point.\"\n::\n\n::heading\n[議事録]{ぎじろく:minutes:N2}の[書き方]{かきかた:format:N4}\n\n#en\nHow to Write Meeting Minutes\n::\n\n::para\n[議事録]{ぎじろく:minutes:N2}は[会議]{かいぎ:meeting:N3}の[公式]{こうしき:official:N3}[記録]{きろく:record:N2}であり、[会議]{かいぎ:meeting:N3}に[出席]{しゅっせき:attend:N3}しなかった[関係者]{かんけいしゃ:stakeholders:N3}にも[内容]{ないよう:content:N3}を[正確]{せいかく:accurately:N3}に[伝える]{つたえる:to convey:N3}[重要]{じゅうよう:important:N3}な[文書]{ぶんしょ:document:N4}です。[標準的]{ひょうじゅんてき:standard:N1}な[項目]{こうもく:items:N1}は、[件名]{けんめい:subject:N3}、[日時]{にちじ:date and time:N5}、[場所]{ばしょ:location:N3}、[出席者]{しゅっせきしゃ:attendees:N3}（[役職]{やくしょく:title:N3}[順]{じゅん:order:N2}）、[欠席者]{けっせきしゃ:absentees:N3}、[議題]{ぎだい:agenda items:N3}、[決定]{けってい:decisions:N3}[事項]{じこう:items:N1}、[宿題]{しゅくだい:action items:N3}（[担当]{たんとう:assignee:N2}・[期限]{きげん:deadline:N3}を[明記]{めいき:specify:N3}）、[次回]{じかい:next:N3}[予定]{よてい:scheduled:N3}です。[特に]{とくに:especially:N4}「[決定]{けってい:decided:N3}したこと」と「[保留]{ほりゅう:pending:N1}」「[未決]{みけつ:undecided:N3}」を[明確]{めいかく:clearly:N3}に[区別]{くべつ:distinguish:N2}することが[重要]{じゅうよう:important:N3}です。[発言]{はつげん:utterance:N4}を[逐一]{ちくいち:every single:N1}[書き写す]{かきうつす:transcribe:N4}[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}はなく、[論点]{ろんてん:discussion point:N3}と[結論]{けつろん:conclusion:N1}を[簡潔]{かんけつ:concisely:N1}に[まとめます]{まとめます:summarize}。\n\n#en\nMinutes are the official record of a meeting and an important document for accurately conveying content to stakeholders who did not attend. Standard items are: subject, date\u002Ftime, location, attendees (in order of title), absentees, agenda, decisions, action items (specifying owner and deadline), and next scheduled meeting. It is especially important to clearly distinguish \"decided,\" \"pending,\" and \"undecided.\" There is no need to transcribe every utterance; summarize discussion points and conclusions concisely.\n::\n\n::heading\n[議事録]{ぎじろく:minutes:N2}の[回覧]{かいらん:circulation:N1}と[承認]{しょうにん:approval:N2}\n\n#en\nCirculation and Approval of Minutes\n::\n\n::para\n[議事録]{ぎじろく:minutes:N2}は[会議]{かいぎ:meeting:N3}[終了後]{しゅうりょうご:after the meeting:N2}、[原則]{げんそく:in principle:N2}[24時間]{にじゅうよじかん:24 hours:N5}[以内]{いない:within:N3}に[ドラフト]{どらふと:draft}を[作成]{さくせい:prepare:N3}し、[出席者]{しゅっせきしゃ:attendees:N3}に[回覧]{かいらん:circulate:N1}します。[出席者]{しゅっせきしゃ:attendees:N3}は[内容]{ないよう:content:N3}に[誤り]{あやまり:errors:N3}や[追記]{ついき:additions:N3}が[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}な[箇所]{かしょ:point:N1}があれば[修正]{しゅうせい:correction:N1}を[依頼]{いらい:request:N2}し、[最終]{さいしゅう:final:N3}[版]{ばん:version:N2}が[確定]{かくてい:finalized:N3}したら[関係]{かんけい:related:N3}[部署]{ぶしょ:department:N2}に[共有]{きょうゆう:share:N3}します。[最近]{さいきん:recently:N3}は[Slack]{すらっく:Slack}や[Notion]{のーしょん:Notion}、[Confluence]{こんふるえんす:Confluence}などの[ツール]{つーる:tool}を[使う]{つかう:to use:N4}[企業]{きぎょう:company:N1}が[増えて]{ふえて:increasing:N3}おり、[紙]{かみ:paper:N4}での[回覧]{かいらん:circulation:N1}や[印鑑]{いんかん:seal:N1}による[承認]{しょうにん:approval:N2}は[減って]{へって:decreasing:N2}います。ただし、[重要]{じゅうよう:important:N3}な[意思決定]{いしけってい:decision:N3}を[含む]{ふくむ:include:N2}[議事録]{ぎじろく:minutes:N2}は、[今]{いま:now:N5}でも[正式]{せいしき:formally:N3}に[承認]{しょうにん:approve:N2}を[受ける]{うける:to receive:N3}[手続き]{てつづき:procedure:N3}が[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}です。\n\n#en\nMinutes should in principle be drafted within 24 hours after the meeting and circulated to attendees. Attendees request corrections if there are errors or additions, and once the final version is fixed, it is shared with related departments. Recently, more companies use tools like Slack, Notion, or Confluence, and paper circulation and seal-based approval are declining. However, minutes containing important decisions still require a formal approval procedure.\n::\n\n::heading\n[会議]{かいぎ:meeting:N3}の[終了]{しゅうりょう:closing:N2}と[閉会]{へいかい:adjournment:N3}の[挨拶]{あいさつ:greeting:N1}\n\n#en\nClosing the Meeting and Adjournment Greetings\n::\n\n::para\n[会議]{かいぎ:meeting:N3}を[終える]{おえる:to end:N4}[際]{さい:when:N3}は、[司会]{しかい:chair:N1}が[今日]{きょう:today:N5}の[決定]{けってい:decisions:N3}[事項]{じこう:items:N1}と[宿題]{しゅくだい:action items:N3}を[再確認]{さいかくにん:reconfirm:N2}し、[次回]{じかい:next:N3}の[予定]{よてい:scheduled:N3}を[共有]{きょうゆう:share:N3}します。「[本日]{ほんじつ:today:N5}は[ありがとう]{ありがとう:thank you}ございました。[引き続き]{ひきつづき:continuously:N3}よろしくお[願い]{ねがい:request:N3}いたします」という[締め]{しめ:closing:N1}の[言葉]{ことば:words:N3}が[一般的]{いっぱんてき:typical:N2}です。[退出]{たいしゅつ:leaving:N3}の[際]{さい:when:N3}は[上位]{じょうい:higher rank:N3}[者]{しゃ:person:N4}から[先]{さき:first:N5}に[退室]{たいしつ:exit room:N3}するのが[原則]{げんそく:principle:N2}ですが、[最近]{さいきん:recently:N3}はそこまで[厳格]{げんかく:strict:N1}ではない[企業]{きぎょう:company:N1}も[多く]{おおく:many:N4}なっています。[来客]{らいきゃく:visitor:N3}が[いる]{いる:present}[会議]{かいぎ:meeting:N3}では、[エレベーター]{えれべーたー:elevator}まで[見送る]{みおくる:to see off:N4}のが[基本]{きほん:basic:N1}[マナー]{まなー:manner}です。\n\n#en\nWhen ending a meeting, the chair reconfirms today's decisions and action items, then shares the next scheduled meeting. The typical closing is, \"Thank you for today. We look forward to your continued cooperation.\" When leaving, the principle is for senior persons to exit first, though many companies are no longer strict about this. In meetings with visitors, seeing them off to the elevator is basic manners.\n::\n\n::callout\n[まとめ]{まとめ:summary}：[会議]{かいぎ:meeting:N3}は「[類型]{るいけい:type:N2}を[見極める]{みきわめる:to identify:N2}」「[座席]{ざせき:seating:N3}」「[発言]{はつげん:speaking:N4}[順序]{じゅんじょ:order:N1}」「[賛否]{さんぴ:agree-disagree:N3}の[表現]{ひょうげん:expression:N3}」「[議事録]{ぎじろく:minutes:N2}」の[5]{ご:five}つを[押さえれば]{おさえれば:if you cover:N3}[基本]{きほん:basic:N1}は[OK]{おーけー:okay}です。[特に]{とくに:especially:N4}[反対]{はんたい:disagreement:N3}[意見]{いけん:opinion:N4}は[クッション]{くっしょん:cushion}[言葉]{ことば:words:N3}を[必ず]{かならず:always:N3}[使う]{つかう:to use:N4}ことを[忘れず]{わすれず:not forget:N3}に。\n\n#en\nSUMMARY: For meetings, you have the basics covered if you handle five things: identifying the meeting type, seating, speaking order, expressing agree\u002Fdisagree, and minutes. Especially with disagreement, never forget to use cushion words.\n::\n",{"id":74,"title":77,"titleEn":78,"topicPath":10,"questions":79},"ビジネス会議確認テスト","Business Meeting Comprehension Quiz",[80,108,131,155,180,204],{"id":81,"articleId":6,"question":82,"options":85,"correctLabel":91,"explanation":102,"tags":105},"bj-meeting-quiz-q01",{"en":83,"jp":84},"Which is the correct position for the kamiza (seat of honor) in a meeting room?","会議室での「上座（かみざ）」の位置として正しいのはどれですか。",[86,90,94,98],{"label":87,"jp":88,"en":89},"ア","入口に最も近い席","The seat closest to the entrance",{"label":91,"jp":92,"en":93},"イ","入口から最も遠い席","The seat farthest from the entrance",{"label":95,"jp":96,"en":97},"ウ","ホワイトボードの前の席","The seat in front of the whiteboard",{"label":99,"jp":100,"en":101},"エ","司会者の隣の席","The seat next to the chair",{"en":103,"jp":104},"The kamiza is the seat farthest from the entrance, where the most senior person or visitor sits. The seat closest to the entrance is the shimoza, where junior staff, the chair, or the minutes-taker sits.","上座は入口から最も遠い席で、最も目上の人や来客が座ります。入口に最も近い席は下座で、若手や司会者・議事録担当が座ります。",[106,107],"seating","etiquette",{"id":109,"articleId":6,"question":110,"options":113,"correctLabel":91,"explanation":126,"tags":129},"bj-meeting-quiz-q02",{"en":111,"jp":112},"Which is the most appropriate description of report meetings, deliberation meetings, and decision-making meetings?","「報告会」「検討会」「意思決定会議」の説明として、最も適切なのはどれですか。",[114,117,120,123],{"label":87,"jp":115,"en":116},"報告会は決定を行う場、検討会は進捗共有の場、意思決定会議は議論を深める場である。","Report meetings are for making decisions, deliberation meetings are for sharing progress, and decision-making meetings are for deepening discussion.",{"label":91,"jp":118,"en":119},"報告会は進捗共有が目的、検討会は案を練る場、意思決定会議は最終決裁を行う場である。","Report meetings aim to share progress, deliberation meetings refine proposals, and decision-making meetings make final approvals.",{"label":95,"jp":121,"en":122},"三つの会議は本質的に同じであり、呼び方が違うだけである。","The three types are essentially the same and only the names differ.",{"label":99,"jp":124,"en":125},"意思決定会議では根回しを一切行ってはならない。","In decision-making meetings, nemawashi must not be done at all.",{"en":127,"jp":128},"Report meetings aim to share progress and results with minimal discussion. Deliberation meetings refine proposals, often without conclusions. Decision-making meetings make final approval and are typically held on the premise nemawashi is complete.","報告会は進捗・成果の共有が目的で議論は最小限。検討会は案を練る場で結論を出さないことも多い。意思決定会議は最終決裁を行う場で、多くの場合は根回しが終わっている前提で開かれます。",[130],"meeting-types",{"id":132,"articleId":6,"question":133,"options":136,"correctLabel":91,"explanation":149,"tags":152},"bj-meeting-quiz-q03",{"en":134,"jp":135},"Which is the appropriate handling of preparing and circulating meeting minutes?","議事録の作成・回覧について、適切な対応はどれですか。",[137,140,143,146],{"label":87,"jp":138,"en":139},"発言を逐一書き写し、議事録を完成させてから役員に直接送付する。","Transcribe every utterance verbatim and send the completed minutes directly to executives.",{"label":91,"jp":141,"en":142},"原則24時間以内にドラフトを作成し、出席者に回覧して修正を反映してから関係部署に共有する。","Draft within 24 hours in principle, circulate to attendees, reflect corrections, then share with related departments.",{"label":95,"jp":144,"en":145},"議事録は不要であり、口頭での共有で十分である。","Minutes are unnecessary and verbal sharing is sufficient.",{"label":99,"jp":147,"en":148},"議事録の作成は1週間以内であればいつでもよい。","Minutes can be prepared anytime within one week.",{"en":150,"jp":151},"After the meeting, draft minutes within 24 hours in principle, circulate to attendees, reflect corrections and additions, then share with related departments. Summarize discussion points and conclusions concisely; verbatim transcription is unnecessary.","議事録は会議終了後、原則24時間以内にドラフトを作成し、出席者に回覧して修正・追記を反映してから関係部署に共有するのが標準的な手順です。論点と結論を簡潔にまとめ、逐一の書き写しは不要です。",[153,154],"gijiroku","minutes",{"id":156,"articleId":157,"question":158,"options":161,"correctLabel":95,"explanation":174,"tags":177},"bj-meeting-quiz-q04","bj-online-kaigi",{"en":159,"jp":160},"Which is the most desirable timing for entering an online meeting?","オンライン会議の入室タイミングとして最も望ましいのはどれですか。",[162,165,168,171],{"label":87,"jp":163,"en":164},"開始時刻ちょうどに入室する。","Enter exactly at the start time.",{"label":91,"jp":166,"en":167},"開始時刻の10分前に入室する。","Enter 10 minutes before the start time.",{"label":95,"jp":169,"en":170},"開始時刻の1〜2分前に入室し、初対面・重要会議では5分前にログインして音声・映像をテストしておく。","Enter 1–2 minutes before start, and for first-time or important meetings log in 5 minutes early to test audio and video.",{"label":99,"jp":172,"en":173},"開始時刻を5分過ぎてから入室する。","Enter 5 minutes after the start time.",{"en":175,"jp":176},"Like face-to-face, entering 1–2 minutes before the start is basic. Five minutes early creates an awkward atmosphere when the other party is still preparing, while just barely on time or late is rude. For first-time meetings or important business negotiations, logging in 5 minutes early to test audio and video is safe.","対面同様、開始時刻の1〜2分前に入室するのが基本です。5分も早いと相手が準備中で気まずく、逆にギリギリや遅刻は失礼です。接続トラブルを考慮し、初対面や重要商談では5分前にログインして音声・映像のテストを済ませておくと安心です。",[178,179],"online","entry-timing",{"id":181,"articleId":157,"question":182,"options":185,"correctLabel":91,"explanation":198,"tags":201},"bj-meeting-quiz-q05",{"en":183,"jp":184},"Which describes the current standard thinking on camera ON\u002FOFF in online meetings?","オンライン会議でカメラON・OFFについて、現代の標準的な考え方はどれですか。",[186,189,192,195],{"label":87,"jp":187,"en":188},"いかなる場合でもカメラは必ずONでなければならない。","The camera must always be ON in every case.",{"label":91,"jp":190,"en":191},"社外商談や初対面はON基本、社内定例ではOFFも許容される企業が増えており、迷ったらホストに事前確認するのが安全。","ON is basic for external negotiations and first meetings, while more companies accept OFF for internal regular meetings; if unsure, confirm with the host in advance.",{"label":95,"jp":193,"en":194},"カメラは常にOFFが原則である。","OFF is the principle in all cases.",{"label":99,"jp":196,"en":197},"役員が参加する会議でも自分の判断でOFFにしてよい。","Even at meetings with executives, you may turn OFF at your discretion.",{"en":199,"jp":200},"In the early COVID period, 'always ON' was the principle, but now judgment is flexible based on meeting nature. ON is basic for external negotiations and first meetings, and more companies accept OFF for internal regulars. However, at meetings with executives or guests, ON is still a tacit rule.","コロナ禍初期は「必ずON」が原則でしたが、現在は会議の性質によって柔軟に判断されます。社外商談・初対面はON基本、社内定例ではOFFも許容する企業が増えています。ただし役員や来賓が参加する会議では今でもON が暗黙のルールです。",[202,203],"camera","online-etiquette",{"id":205,"articleId":157,"question":206,"options":209,"correctLabel":91,"explanation":222,"tags":225},"bj-meeting-quiz-q06",{"en":207,"jp":208},"What is the correct handling of recording an online meeting?","オンライン会議での録画について、正しい対応はどれですか。",[210,213,216,219],{"label":87,"jp":211,"en":212},"ホストの判断で同意なく録画してもよい。","The host may record without consent at their discretion.",{"label":91,"jp":214,"en":215},"アジェンダに録画する旨を記載し、開始時に口頭でも全員の同意を確認するのが標準である。","Stating recording in the agenda and verbally confirming everyone's consent at the start is the standard.",{"label":95,"jp":217,"en":218},"社外の相手との会議では事前確認は不要である。","Prior confirmation is unnecessary in meetings with external parties.",{"label":99,"jp":220,"en":221},"録画したデータの保管場所は本人にだけ通知すればよい。","The storage location of recording data only needs to be told to oneself.",{"en":223,"jp":224},"Always obtain everyone's consent in advance. The standard is stating in the agenda 'This meeting will be recorded' and verbally confirming at start: 'We will now begin recording. Is that okay?' Recording without consent can cause trouble or disciplinary action under the Personal Information Protection Act and internal rules.","録画は必ず事前に全員の同意を取ります。アジェンダに「本会議は録画します」と記載し、開始時に「これから録画を開始します。よろしいでしょうか」と口頭でも確認するのが標準です。同意なしの録画は個人情報保護法や社内規程の観点でトラブル・懲戒の原因になります。",[226,227],"recording","consent"]