[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"article:seasonal-events":3},{"meta":4,"markdown":77},{"type":5,"articleId":6,"slug":7,"title":8,"titleEn":9,"category":10,"summary":11,"publishedAt":12,"image":13,"vocabulary":14},"article","culture-seasonal-events","seasonal-events","季節の行事 — 正月から年末まで日本の年中行事","Seasonal Events — Japan's Annual Calendar from New Year to Year-End","culture","A walk through Japan's year-round annual events — from the elaborate Shogatsu New Year customs of osechi, otoshidama, and hatsumode, through Setsubun, the Doll Festival, Tango no Sekku, Tanabata, Obon, the autumn moon-viewing, the Shichi-Go-San coming-of-age, and the year-end customs of Joya-no-Kane and toshikoshi soba — including the official national holidays and how they have adapted to modern life.\n","2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","https:\u002F\u002Fimages.yamiyomi.com\u002Fculture-seasonal-events.png",[15,20,25,29,34,38,42,46,50,54,58,62,65,69,73],{"word":16,"reading":17,"meaning":18,"level":19},"年中行事","ねんちゅうぎょうじ","annual events","N1",{"word":21,"reading":22,"meaning":23,"level":24},"正月","しょうがつ","New Year","N3",{"word":26,"reading":27,"meaning":28,"level":19},"初詣","はつもうで","first shrine visit of the year",{"word":30,"reading":31,"meaning":32,"level":33},"祝日","しゅくじつ","national holiday","N2",{"word":35,"reading":36,"meaning":37,"level":19},"風習","ふうしゅう","custom",{"word":39,"reading":40,"meaning":41,"level":19},"暦","こよみ","calendar",{"word":43,"reading":44,"meaning":45,"level":19},"旧暦","きゅうれき","old calendar (lunar)",{"word":47,"reading":48,"meaning":49,"level":33},"由来","ゆらい","origin",{"word":51,"reading":52,"meaning":53,"level":19},"縁起物","えんぎもの","lucky charm",{"word":55,"reading":56,"meaning":57,"level":24},"飾る","かざる","to decorate",{"word":59,"reading":60,"meaning":61,"level":33},"親戚","しんせき","relatives",{"word":63,"reading":64,"meaning":37,"level":19},"慣習","かんしゅう",{"word":66,"reading":67,"meaning":68,"level":19},"帰省","きせい","returning to one's hometown",{"word":70,"reading":71,"meaning":72,"level":19},"振る舞う","ふるまう","to serve (food)",{"word":74,"reading":75,"meaning":76,"level":19},"厄","やく","misfortune","\n::para\n[日本]{にほん:Japan:N5}の[年中行事]{ねんちゅうぎょうじ:annual events:N4}は、[古代]{こだい:ancient:N4}の[宮中]{きゅうちゅう:imperial court:N1}[行事]{ぎょうじ:event:N4}・[神道]{しんとう:Shinto:N3}・[仏教]{ぶっきょう:Buddhism:N2}・[中国]{ちゅうごく:China:N5}[由来]{ゆらい:origin:N3}の[暦法]{れきほう:calendrical practices:N1}が[長い]{ながい:long:N5}[年月]{としつき:years:N5}をかけて[融合]{ゆうごう:fused:N1}し、[各]{かく:each:N2}[家庭]{かてい:household:N3}・[地域]{ちいき:region:N2}の[暮らし]{くらし:daily life:N3}に[根付いた]{ねづいた:rooted in:N2}[文化]{ぶんか:culture:N3}です。[正月]{しょうがつ:New Year:N4}から[大晦日]{おおみそか:New Year's Eve:N1}まで、[四季]{しき:four seasons:N2}の[移ろい]{うつろい:transition:N2}と[共に]{ともに:together with:N3}[繰り返される]{くりかえされる:repeated:N1}[行事]{ぎょうじ:event:N4}は、[日本人]{にほんじん:Japanese people:N5}の[時間]{じかん:time:N5}[感覚]{かんかく:sensibility:N3}そのものを[形成]{けいせい:shape:N3}してきました。\n\n#en\nJapan's annual events are a culture in which ancient imperial court events, Shinto, Buddhism, and Chinese-origin calendrical practices have fused over long years to take root in the daily life of every household and region. From Shogatsu (New Year) to Omisoka (New Year's Eve), the events repeated together with the transition of the four seasons have shaped the very time-sensibility of the Japanese people.\n::\n\n::heading\n[正月]{しょうがつ:New Year:N4} — [一年]{いちねん:one year:N5}で[最も]{もっとも:most:N3}[重要]{じゅうよう:important:N3}な[行事]{ぎょうじ:event:N4}\n\n#en\nShogatsu — The Most Important Event of the Year\n::\n\n::para\n[正月]{しょうがつ:New Year:N4}は[日本]{にほん:Japan:N5}の[年中行事]{ねんちゅうぎょうじ:annual events:N4}の[頂点]{ちょうてん:peak:N3}に[位置]{いち:position:N3}します。12[月]{がつ:month:N5}[末]{まつ:end:N3}までに[家々]{いえいえ:households:N4}は[大掃除]{おおそうじ:big cleaning:N2}を[終え]{おえ:finish:N4}、[門松]{かどまつ:gate pine:N1}・[しめ縄]{しめなわ:sacred rope:N1}・[鏡餅]{かがみもち:mirror mochi:N1}を[飾って]{かざって:decorate with:N1}、[年神様]{としがみさま:year god:N3}を[迎える]{むかえる:welcome:N3}[準備]{じゅんび:preparation:N2}を[整えます]{ととのえます:complete:N1}。[元旦]{がんたん:New Year's Day morning:N1}には[家族]{かぞく:family:N4}で[おせち料理]{おせちりょうり:osechi cuisine:N4}を[囲み]{かこみ:gather around:N2}、[屠蘇]{とそ:toso New Year's sake:N1}と[雑煮]{ぞうに:zoni soup:N1}を[味わいます]{あじわいます:savor:N4}。[おせち料理]{おせちりょうり:osechi cuisine:N4}の[各]{かく:each:N2}[品]{しな:item:N4}には[縁起]{えんぎ:luck:N1}の[意味]{いみ:meaning:N4}が[込められて]{こめられて:embedded:N3}おり、[黒豆]{くろまめ:black beans:N1}は「[まめ]{まめ:diligent}に[働く]{はたらく:work:N3}」、[数の子]{かずのこ:herring roe:N3}は「[子孫]{しそん:descendants:N2}[繁栄]{はんえい:prosperity:N1}」、[昆布]{こんぶ:kombu:N1}は「[よろこんぶ]{よろこんぶ:joy\u002Fkombu pun}」と、[一品]{いっぴん:each item:N4}ごとに[願い]{ねがい:wish:N3}が[込められて]{こめられて:embedded:N3}います。\n\n#en\nShogatsu is positioned at the peak of Japanese annual events. By the end of December, households finish their big cleaning, decorate with kadomatsu gate pine, shimenawa sacred rope, and kagamimochi mirror mochi, and complete preparations to welcome the year god. On New Year's Day morning, families gather around osechi cuisine and savor toso New Year's sake and zoni soup. Each osechi item carries a meaning of luck — black beans for \"working diligently\" (a pun on \"mame\"), herring roe for \"descendant prosperity,\" and kombu for \"joy\" (a pun on \"yorokobu\") — each one embedded with a wish.\n::\n\n::callout\n[子供]{こども:children:N3}たちが[楽しみに]{たのしみに:look forward to:N4}するのは[親]{おや:parents:N4}や[親戚]{しんせき:relatives:N1}から[手渡される]{てわたされる:handed over:N3}「[お年玉]{おとしだま:New Year's money:N2}」です。[祖父母]{そふぼ:grandparents:N3}・[両親]{りょうしん:parents:N3}・[叔父叔母]{おじおば:uncles and aunts:N1}と[次々]{つぎつぎ:one after another:N3}に[受け取る]{うけとる:receive:N3}ため、[小学生]{しょうがくせい:elementary school students:N5}でも[数万円]{すうまんえん:tens of thousands of yen:N3}を[手に]{てに:in hand:N4}することも[珍しく]{めずらしく:unusual:N2}ありません。\n\n#en\nWhat children look forward to is the \"otoshidama\" (New Year's money) handed over by parents and relatives. Receiving from grandparents, parents, and uncles\u002Faunts one after another, it is not unusual for even elementary school students to end up with tens of thousands of yen in hand.\n::\n\n::para\n[元旦]{がんたん:New Year's Day morning:N1}や[正月]{しょうがつ:New Year:N4}の[三が日]{さんがにち:first three days:N5}には[多く]{おおく:many:N4}の[人]{ひと:people:N5}が[神社]{じんじゃ:Shinto shrine:N3}や[寺]{てら:temple:N2}に[初詣]{はつもうで:first visit of the year:N1}に[出かけます]{でかけます:go out:N5}。[明治神宮]{めいじじんぐう:Meiji Shrine:N1}（[東京]{とうきょう:Tokyo:N4}）、[成田山]{なりたさん:Naritasan:N3}[新勝寺]{しんしょうじ:Shinshoji Temple:N2}（[千葉]{ちば:Chiba:N3}）、[川崎大師]{かわさきだいし:Kawasaki Daishi:N1}（[神奈川]{かながわ:Kanagawa:N1}）、[伏見稲荷大社]{ふしみいなりたいしゃ:Fushimi Inari Taisha:N1}（[京都]{きょうと:Kyoto:N3}）などには[毎年]{まいとし:every year:N5}[数百万人]{すうひゃくまんにん:millions of people:N3}の[参拝者]{さんぱいしゃ:worshippers:N2}が[訪れ]{おとずれ:visit:N3}、[一年]{いちねん:one year:N5}の[無病息災]{むびょうそくさい:good health:N1}・[家内]{かない:household:N3}[安全]{あんぜん:safety:N3}・[商売]{しょうばい:business:N3}[繁盛]{はんじょう:prosperity:N1}を[祈ります]{いのります:pray for:N2}。1[月]{がつ:month:N5}7[日]{にち:day:N5}には[七草粥]{ななくさがゆ:seven-herb rice porridge:N1}を[食べ]{たべ:eat:N5}、[正月]{しょうがつ:New Year:N4}の[ご馳走]{ごちそう:feasts:N1}で[疲れた]{つかれた:tired:N3}[胃]{い:stomach:N2}を[休めます]{やすめます:rest:N5}。\n\n#en\nOn New Year's Day or during the first three days of the New Year, many people go out for \"hatsumode\" — the first shrine or temple visit of the year. Meiji Shrine (Tokyo), Naritasan Shinshoji Temple (Chiba), Kawasaki Daishi (Kanagawa), and Fushimi Inari Taisha (Kyoto) are visited by millions of worshippers each year, who pray for a year of good health, household safety, and business prosperity. On January 7th, people eat seven-herb rice porridge to rest stomachs tired from the New Year feasts.\n::\n\n::heading\n[節分]{せつぶん:Setsubun:N1} — [鬼]{おに:demon:N1}は[外]{そと:out:N5}、[福]{ふく:luck:N3}は[内]{うち:in:N3}\n\n#en\nSetsubun — Demons Out, Luck In\n::\n\n::para\n2[月]{がつ:month:N5}3[日]{にち:day:N5}（[年]{とし:year:N5}によっては2[日]{にち:day:N5}）の[節分]{せつぶん:Setsubun:N1}は、[暦]{こよみ:calendar:N1}の[上]{うえ:on:N5}での[立春]{りっしゅん:start of spring:N4}の[前日]{ぜんじつ:previous day:N5}に[当たり]{あたり:falls on:N3}、[冬]{ふゆ:winter:N4}から[春]{はる:spring:N4}への[季節]{きせつ:season:N1}の[変わり目]{かわりめ:transition:N3}を[意味]{いみ:means:N4}します。[家]{いえ:home:N4}では「[鬼]{おに:demon:N1}は[外]{そと:out:N5}、[福]{ふく:luck:N3}は[内]{うち:in:N3}」と[掛け声]{かけごえ:chant:N3}を[上げ]{あげ:raise:N5}ながら[豆]{まめ:beans:N1}（[炒り大豆]{いりだいず:roasted soybeans:N1}）を[撒き]{まき:scatter:N1}、[厄]{やく:misfortune:N1}を[追い払い]{おいはらい:drive away:N3}ます。[自分]{じぶん:self:N4}の[年齢]{ねんれい::N2}+1[個]{こ:counter:N2}の[豆]{まめ:beans:N1}を[食べる]{たべる:eat:N5}と1[年間]{ねんかん:year:N5}[健康]{けんこう:health:N1}に[過ごせる]{すごせる:able to spend:N3}と[言われ]{いわれ:said:N4}ます。[近年]{きんねん:recent years:N4}は[関西]{かんさい:Kansai:N3}[発祥]{はっしょう:origin:N1}とされる「[恵方巻き]{えほうまき:eho maki:N1}」が[全国]{ぜんこく:nationwide:N3}に[広まり]{ひろまり:spread:N4}、その[年]{とし:year:N5}の[恵方]{えほう:lucky direction:N1}を[向いて]{むいて:facing:N3}[太巻き]{ふとまき:thick sushi roll:N2}を[無言]{むごん:silent:N4}で[一]{いっ:one:N5}[本]{ぽん:counter:N5}[食べきる]{たべきる:eat completely:N5}[風習]{ふうしゅう:custom:N4}が[定着]{ていちゃく:establish:N3}しました。\n\n#en\nSetsubun on February 3rd (sometimes the 2nd) falls on the day before \"Risshun\" (the calendrical start of spring) and means the seasonal transition from winter to spring. At home, people scatter beans (roasted soybeans) while chanting \"Demons out, luck in\" to drive away misfortune. It is said that eating one bean for each year of your age plus one allows you to spend the year in good health. In recent years, the Kansai-origin \"eho maki\" custom has spread nationwide, and the practice of eating one entire thick sushi roll in silence while facing the year's lucky direction has become established.\n::\n\n::heading\n[春]{はる:spring:N4}の[節句]{せっく:seasonal festivals:N1}\n\n#en\nSpring's Sekku Festivals\n::\n\n::para\n3[月]{がつ:month:N5}3[日]{にち:day:N5}の[ひな祭り]{ひなまつり:Doll Festival:N2}は[女子]{じょし:girls:N5}の[健やか]{すこやか:healthy:N1}な[成長]{せいちょう:growth:N3}を[祈る]{いのる:pray for:N2}[節句]{せっく:seasonal festival:N1}で、[雛人形]{ひなにんぎょう:Hina dolls:N1}を[飾り]{かざり:display:N1}、[ちらし寿司]{ちらしずし:chirashi sushi:N1}・[蛤]{はまぐり:clam:N1}のお[吸い物]{すいもの:clear soup:N3}・[菱餅]{ひしもち:diamond rice cake:N1}・[ひなあられ]{ひなあられ:hina arare}を[供えます]{そなえます:offer:N3}。5[月]{がつ:month:N5}5[日]{にち:day:N5}の[端午の節句]{たんごのせっく:Tango no Sekku:N1}は[男子]{だんし:boys:N5}のための[節句]{せっく:seasonal festival:N1}で、[兜]{かぶと:helmet:N1}・[鯉のぼり]{こいのぼり:carp streamers:N1}を[飾り]{かざり:display:N1}、[柏餅]{かしわもち:kashiwa mochi:N1}や[ちまき]{ちまき:chimaki}を[食べます]{たべます:eat:N5}。[端午の節句]{たんごのせっく:Tango no Sekku:N1}は[戦後]{せんご:postwar:N3}「こどもの[日]{ひ:day:N5}」として[国民]{こくみん:national:N3}の[祝日]{しゅくじつ:holiday:N2}にも[制定]{せいてい:enacted:N3}されました。\n\n#en\nThe Doll Festival on March 3rd is a sekku praying for the healthy growth of girls; families display Hina dolls and offer chirashi sushi, clear clam soup, hishimochi diamond rice cake, and hina arare. Tango no Sekku on May 5th is the sekku for boys; families display helmets and carp streamers and eat kashiwa mochi or chimaki. After the war, Tango no Sekku was also enacted as the national holiday \"Children's Day.\"\n::\n\n::heading\n[七夕]{たなばた:Tanabata:N4}と[お盆]{おぼん:Obon:N1}\n\n#en\nTanabata and Obon\n::\n\n::para\n7[月]{がつ:month:N5}7[日]{にち:day:N5}の[七夕]{たなばた:Tanabata:N4}は、[織姫]{おりひめ:Orihime:N1}と[彦星]{ひこぼし:Hikoboshi:N1}の[年]{ねん:year:N5}に[一度]{いちど:once:N4}の[逢瀬]{おうせ:tryst:N1}に[由来]{ゆらい:originating from:N3}し、[短冊]{たんざく:tanzaku strips:N2}に[願い事]{ねがいごと:wishes:N3}を[書いて]{かいて:write:N5}[竹笹]{たけざさ:bamboo grass:N1}に[吊るす]{つるす:hang:N1}[風習]{ふうしゅう:custom:N4}があります。[幼稚園]{ようちえん:kindergarten:N1}や[小学校]{しょうがっこう:elementary school:N5}での[年中行事]{ねんちゅうぎょうじ:annual event:N4}としても[親しまれて]{したしまれて:familiar:N4}います。8[月]{がつ:month:N5}（[地域]{ちいき:region:N2}によっては7[月]{がつ:month:N5}）の[お盆]{おぼん:Obon:N1}には、[祖先]{そせん:ancestors:N3}の[霊]{れい:spirits:N1}が[家]{いえ:home:N4}に[戻ってくる]{もどってくる:return:N3}と[考えられて]{かんがえられて:considered:N4}おり、[盆]{ぼん:Obon:N1}[提灯]{ちょうちん:lantern:N1}を[灯し]{ともし:light:N2}、[迎え火]{むかえび:welcoming fire:N3}と[送り火]{おくりび:sending-off fire:N4}を[焚き]{たき:burn:N1}、[墓参り]{はかまいり:grave visit:N1}に[出かけます]{でかけます:go out:N5}。[全国]{ぜんこく:nationwide:N3}で[帰省]{きせい:returning home:N2}ラッシュが[起き]{おき:occur:N4}、[多く]{おおく:many:N4}の[企業]{きぎょう:company:N1}が「[盆休み]{ぼんやすみ:Obon holiday:N1}」を[設定]{せってい:set:N2}します。\n\n#en\nTanabata on July 7th originates from the once-yearly tryst of Orihime and Hikoboshi, and there is a custom of writing wishes on tanzaku strips and hanging them on bamboo grass. It is also familiar as an annual event at kindergartens and elementary schools. During Obon in August (or July depending on the region), ancestral spirits are believed to return home; people light Obon lanterns, burn welcoming and sending-off fires, and visit graves. A return-home rush occurs nationwide, and many companies set an \"Obon holiday.\"\n::\n\n::heading\n[月見]{つきみ:moon viewing:N5}と[秋]{あき:autumn:N4}の[行事]{ぎょうじ:events:N4}\n\n#en\nTsukimi and Autumn Events\n::\n\n::para\n[旧暦]{きゅうれき:old calendar:N1}8[月]{がつ:month:N5}15[日]{にち:day:N5}（[新暦]{しんれき:new calendar:N1}9[月]{がつ:month:N5}[中旬]{ちゅうじゅん:middle ten days:N1}〜10[月]{がつ:month:N5}[初旬]{しょじゅん:early:N1}）の「[十五夜]{じゅうごや:fifteenth night:N4}」には[月見]{つきみ:moon viewing:N5}が[行われ]{おこなわれ:held:N5}ます。「[中秋の名月]{ちゅうしゅうのめいげつ:harvest moon:N4}」とも[呼ばれ]{よばれ:called:N3}、[月見団子]{つきみだんご:tsukimi dango:N2}・[ススキ]{ススキ:susuki grass}・[里芋]{さといも:taro:N1}を[縁側]{えんがわ:veranda:N1}に[供え]{そなえ:offer:N3}、[満月]{まんげつ:full moon:N3}を[眺め]{ながめ:gaze at:N1}ながら[秋]{あき:autumn:N4}の[収穫]{しゅうかく:harvest:N1}に[感謝]{かんしゃ:give thanks:N1}します。9[月]{がつ:month:N5}[第三]{だいさん:third:N1}[月曜日]{げつようび:Monday:N4}は「[敬老の日]{けいろうのひ:Respect for the Aged Day:N2}」、9[月]{がつ:month:N5}23[日]{にち:day:N5}[頃]{ごろ:around:N2}は「[秋分の日]{しゅうぶんのひ:Autumn Equinox Day:N4}」と、[国民]{こくみん:national:N3}の[祝日]{しゅくじつ:holiday:N2}が[続きます]{つづきます:continue:N3}。\n\n#en\nOn the \"fifteenth night\" of the 8th month of the old calendar (mid-September to early October on the new calendar), tsukimi (moon viewing) is held. Also called the \"harvest moon,\" people offer tsukimi dango, susuki grass, and taro on the veranda, gazing at the full moon and giving thanks for the autumn harvest. The third Monday of September is \"Respect for the Aged Day,\" and around September 23rd is \"Autumn Equinox Day\" — national holidays continue.\n::\n\n::heading\n[七五三]{しちごさん:Shichi-Go-San:N5}\n\n#en\nShichi-Go-San\n::\n\n::para\n11[月]{がつ:month:N5}15[日]{にち:day:N5}の[七五三]{しちごさん:Shichi-Go-San:N5}は、3[歳]{さい:years old:N3}・5[歳]{さい:years old:N3}・7[歳]{さい:years old:N3}の[子供]{こども:child:N3}の[成長]{せいちょう:growth:N3}を[祝う]{いわう:celebrate:N2}[行事]{ぎょうじ:event:N4}です。[男子]{だんし:boys:N5}は3[歳]{さい:years old:N3}と5[歳]{さい:years old:N3}、[女子]{じょし:girls:N5}は3[歳]{さい:years old:N3}と7[歳]{さい:years old:N3}に[着物]{きもの:kimono:N4}を[着て]{きて:wearing:N4}[神社]{じんじゃ:Shinto shrine:N3}に[参拝]{さんぱい:worship:N2}し、これまでの[健康]{けんこう:health:N1}な[成長]{せいちょう:growth:N3}に[感謝]{かんしゃ:give thanks:N1}し、[今後]{こんご:from now on:N5}も[健やか]{すこやか:healthy:N1}に[育つ]{そだつ:grow:N3}よう[祈ります]{いのります:pray:N2}。[長寿]{ちょうじゅ:longevity:N2}を[象徴]{しょうちょう:symbolize:N1}する「[千歳飴]{ちとせあめ:thousand-year candy:N1}」を[手に]{てに:in hand:N4}した[子供]{こども:child:N3}たちが[境内]{けいだい:shrine grounds:N2}に[並ぶ]{ならぶ:line up:N2}[姿]{すがた:sight:N1}は、[初冬]{しょとう:early winter:N3}の[風物詩]{ふうぶつし:seasonal feature:N1}となっています。\n\n#en\nShichi-Go-San on November 15th is an event celebrating the growth of children at ages 3, 5, and 7. Boys at ages 3 and 5 and girls at ages 3 and 7 wear kimono and worship at Shinto shrines, giving thanks for their healthy growth thus far and praying that they continue to grow healthily. The sight of children with thousand-year candy — symbolizing longevity — lined up on shrine grounds is a seasonal feature of early winter.\n::\n\n::heading\n[大晦日]{おおみそか:New Year's Eve:N1} — [一年]{いちねん:one year:N5}の[締めくくり]{しめくくり:conclusion:N1}\n\n#en\nOmisoka — The Conclusion of the Year\n::\n\n::para\n12[月]{がつ:month:N5}31[日]{にち:day:N5}の[大晦日]{おおみそか:New Year's Eve:N1}は、[一年]{いちねん:one year:N5}の[最後]{さいご:last:N3}を[締めくくる]{しめくくる:conclude:N1}[行事]{ぎょうじ:event:N4}が[凝縮]{ぎょうしゅく:concentrated:N1}されています。[家庭]{かてい:household:N3}では[年越しそば]{としこしそば:year-crossing soba:N3}を[食べ]{たべ:eat:N5}、[細く]{ほそく:thin:N2}[長い]{ながい:long:N5}そばに「[長寿]{ちょうじゅ:longevity:N2}」と「[厄]{やく:misfortune:N1}を[切る]{きる:cut:N4}」の[意味]{いみ:meaning:N4}を[込めます]{こめます:embed:N3}。[夜]{よる:night:N4}11[時]{じ:o'clock:N5}[頃]{ごろ:around:N2}から[全国]{ぜんこく:nationwide:N3}の[寺]{てら:temple:N2}で「[除夜の鐘]{じょやのかね:New Year's Eve bells:N1}」が[撞かれ]{つかれ:rung:N1}、108[回]{かい:times:N3}の[鐘]{かね:bell:N1}の[音]{おと:sound:N4}は[人]{ひと:human:N5}の[煩悩]{ぼんのう:earthly desires:N1}を[象徴]{しょうちょう:symbolize:N1}し、[新年]{しんねん:new year:N4}に[向けて]{むけて:toward:N3}[心]{こころ:heart:N4}を[清める]{きよめる:purify:N2}と[言われ]{いわれ:said:N4}ます。テレビでは[紅白歌合戦]{こうはくうたがっせん:Kohaku Uta Gassen:N2}（NHK）が[長年]{ながねん:long years:N5}にわたって[国民的]{こくみんてき:national:N3}[番組]{ばんぐみ:program:N3}として[親しまれて]{したしまれて:loved:N4}おり、[家族]{かぞく:family:N4}[揃って]{そろって:gathered:N1}[歌合戦]{うたがっせん:singing battle:N3}を[見ながら]{みながら:watching:N5}[年]{とし:year:N5}を[越す]{こす:cross over:N3}のが[多く]{おおく:many:N4}の[家庭]{かてい:household:N3}の[定番]{ていばん:standard:N3}です。\n\n#en\nDecember 31st, Omisoka, has concentrated within it events that conclude the year. At home, families eat year-crossing soba, embedding meanings of \"longevity\" and \"cutting away misfortune\" into the long, thin noodles. Around 11 PM, \"New Year's Eve bells\" are rung at temples nationwide; the sound of 108 bell strikes is said to symbolize human earthly desires and to purify the heart for the new year. On TV, NHK's Kohaku Uta Gassen has long been loved as a national program, and many households have made it standard to cross over the year as a family while watching the singing battle.\n::\n\n::heading\n[国民]{こくみん:national:N3}の[祝日]{しゅくじつ:holidays:N2}\n\n#en\nNational Holidays\n::\n\n::para\n[国民]{こくみん:national:N3}の[祝日]{しゅくじつ:holidays:N2}は[祝日法]{しゅくじつほう:National Holidays Law:N2}（1948[年]{ねん:year:N5}[制定]{せいてい:enacted:N3}）に[基づき]{もとづき:based on:N1}、[現在]{げんざい:currently:N3}[年間]{ねんかん:annual:N5}16[日]{にち:days:N5}が[定められて]{さだめられて:set:N3}います。[元日]{がんじつ:New Year's Day:N4}（1\u002F1）、[成人の日]{せいじんのひ:Coming-of-Age Day:N3}（1[月]{がつ:month:N5}[第二]{だいに:second:N1}[月曜日]{げつようび:Monday:N4}）、[建国記念の日]{けんこくきねんのひ:National Foundation Day:N3}（2\u002F11）、[天皇誕生日]{てんのうたんじょうび:Emperor's Birthday:N1}（2\u002F23）、[春分の日]{しゅんぶんのひ:Vernal Equinox Day:N4}（3[月]{がつ:month:N5}[下旬]{げじゅん:late ten days:N1}）、[昭和の日]{しょうわのひ:Showa Day:N1}（4\u002F29）、[憲法記念日]{けんぽうきねんび:Constitution Day:N1}（5\u002F3）、[みどりの日]{みどりのひ:Greenery Day:N5}（5\u002F4）、[こどもの日]{こどものひ:Children's Day:N5}（5\u002F5）、[海の日]{うみのひ:Marine Day:N4}（7[月]{がつ:month:N5}[第三]{だいさん:third:N1}[月曜日]{げつようび:Monday:N4}）、[山の日]{やまのひ:Mountain Day:N5}（8\u002F11）、[敬老の日]{けいろうのひ:Respect for the Aged Day:N2}、[秋分の日]{しゅうぶんのひ:Autumn Equinox Day:N4}、[スポーツの日]{スポーツのひ:Sports Day:N5}（10[月]{がつ:month:N5}[第二]{だいに:second:N1}[月曜日]{げつようび:Monday:N4}）、[文化の日]{ぶんかのひ:Culture Day:N3}（11\u002F3）、[勤労感謝の日]{きんろうかんしゃのひ:Labor Thanksgiving Day:N1}（11\u002F23）です。\n\n#en\nNational holidays are set by the National Holidays Law (enacted 1948), and currently 16 days are designated annually. They include New Year's Day (1\u002F1), Coming-of-Age Day (second Monday of January), National Foundation Day (2\u002F11), Emperor's Birthday (2\u002F23), Vernal Equinox Day (late March), Showa Day (4\u002F29), Constitution Day (5\u002F3), Greenery Day (5\u002F4), Children's Day (5\u002F5), Marine Day (third Monday of July), Mountain Day (8\u002F11), Respect for the Aged Day, Autumn Equinox Day, Sports Day (second Monday of October), Culture Day (11\u002F3), and Labor Thanksgiving Day (11\u002F23).\n::\n\n::callout\n4[月]{がつ:month:N5}[末]{まつ:end:N3}から5[月]{がつ:month:N5}[初め]{はじめ:beginning:N3}にかけては「ゴールデンウィーク」、[祝日]{しゅくじつ:holidays:N2}が[連続]{れんぞく:consecutively:N3}するため[最大]{さいだい:maximum:N3}10[連休]{れんきゅう:consecutive holidays:N3}になることもあり、[国内]{こくない:domestic:N3}・[海外]{かいがい:overseas:N4}[旅行]{りょこう:travel:N4}の[ピーク]{ピーク:peak}となります。9[月]{がつ:month:N5}の[敬老の日]{けいろうのひ:Respect for the Aged Day:N2}と[秋分の日]{しゅうぶんのひ:Autumn Equinox Day:N4}が[繋がる]{つながる:connect:N1}「シルバーウィーク」も[同様]{どうよう:similarly:N3}の[行楽]{こうらく:leisure:N4}シーズンです。\n\n#en\nFrom late April through early May is \"Golden Week\"; because holidays come consecutively, it can become up to 10 days of consecutive vacation, peaking domestic and overseas travel. The \"Silver Week\" connecting Respect for the Aged Day and Autumn Equinox Day in September is similarly a leisure season.\n::\n"]