[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"article:tokumei-kakou":3},{"meta":4,"markdown":371,"quiz":372},{"type":5,"articleId":6,"slug":7,"title":8,"titleEn":9,"category":10,"order":11,"seriesLabel":12,"summary":13,"publishedAt":14,"image":15,"tags":16,"vocabulary":21,"quizId":367,"source":368},"article","kjh-k1-h08-tokumei-kakou","tokumei-kakou","課題Ⅰ 第８編 匿名加工情報に関する義務等（法43条〜46条）","Part 8: Obligations Regarding Anonymized Processed Information (Articles 43-46)","kojin-joho-hogo\u002Fkadai-1",1080,"課題Ⅰ 第８編","Comprehensive guide to anonymized processed information (匿名加工情報) under Japan's APPI: legal definition (Art. 2(6)), five processing standards (Enforcement Rules Art. 34), obligations for creators (Art. 43) and recipients (Art. 45), third-party provision rules (Art. 44), safety measures (Art. 46), and detailed comparison with pseudonymized information (仮名加工情報).","2026-04-26T00:00:00Z","https:\u002F\u002Fimages.yamiyomi.com\u002Fkjh-k1-h08-tokumei-kakou.png",[17,18,19,20],"exam:個人情報保護士","topic:匿名加工情報","law:法43条","law:法46条",[22,27,31,36,40,44,48,52,56,60,64,68,72,76,80,84,88,92,96,100,104,108,112,116,120,124,128,132,136,140,144,148,152,156,160,164,168,172,176,180,184,188,192,196,200,204,208,212,216,220,224,228,232,236,240,244,248,252,256,260,264,268,272,276,280,284,288,292,296,300,304,308,312,316,320,324,328,332,336,340,344,348,352,355,359,363],{"word":23,"reading":24,"meaning":25,"level":26},"匿名加工情報","とくめいかこうじょうほう","anonymized processed information","N1",{"word":28,"reading":29,"meaning":30,"level":26},"復元","ふくげん","restoration, 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question",{"word":337,"reading":338,"meaning":339,"level":26},"可否","かひ","whether or not, propriety",{"word":341,"reading":342,"meaning":343,"level":35},"原則","げんそく","principle",{"word":345,"reading":346,"meaning":347,"level":35},"従業員","じゅうぎょういん","employee",{"word":349,"reading":350,"meaning":351,"level":35},"教育","きょういく","education, training",{"word":353,"reading":278,"meaning":354,"level":26},"規程","regulations, rules",{"word":356,"reading":357,"meaning":358,"level":26},"制御","せいぎょ","control",{"word":360,"reading":361,"meaning":362,"level":26},"文脈","ぶんみゃく","context",{"word":364,"reading":365,"meaning":366,"level":35},"事例","じれい","case example","kjh-k1-h08-quiz",{"name":369,"url":370},"個人情報保護士試験対策","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.joho-gakushu.or.jp\u002Fpiip\u002F","\n::para\n[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}とは、[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}[保護法]{ほごほう:protection act:N1}[第]{だい:number:N1}2[条]{じょう:article:N1}[第]{だい:number:N1}6[項]{こう:paragraph:N1}に[定義]{ていぎ:definition:N1}される[概念]{がいねん:concept:N1}で、[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}を[加工]{かこう:process:N3}して、[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}の[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}を[識別]{しきべつ:identify:N3}することができないようにし、かつ[当該]{とうがい:said:N1}[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}を[復元]{ふくげん:restore:N2}することができないようにしたものを[指します]{さします:refers to:N3}。ここで[重要]{じゅうよう:important:N3}なのは、「[識別]{しきべつ:identification:N3}[不能]{ふのう:inability:N3}」と「[復元]{ふくげん:restoration:N2}[不能]{ふのう:inability:N3}」の[二]{ふた:two:N5}つの[要件]{ようけん:requirements:N3}が[同時]{どうじ:simultaneously:N4}に[満たされる]{みたされる:satisfied:N3}[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}がある[点]{てん:point:N3}です。[単]{たん:merely:N3}に[氏名]{しめい:full name:N1}を[削除]{さくじょ:delete:N1}しただけでは[不十分]{ふじゅうぶん:insufficient:N4}であり、[他]{た:other:N3}の[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}と[照合]{しょうごう:cross-reference:N2}しても[元]{もと:original:N4}の[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}を[特定]{とくてい:identify:N3}できない[状態]{じょうたい:state:N1}にしなければなりません。\n\n#en\nAnonymized processed information is a concept defined in Article 2, Paragraph 6 of the Act on the Protection of Personal Information. It refers to personal information that has been processed so that a specific individual cannot be identified and the original personal information cannot be restored. The important point here is that two requirements — \"inability to identify\" and \"inability to restore\" — must be satisfied simultaneously. Simply deleting names is insufficient; the data must be in a state where even cross-referencing with other information cannot identify the original individual.\n::\n\n::heading\n[仮名]{かめい:pseudonym:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}との[違い]{ちがい:difference:N3}\n\n#en\nDifference from pseudonymized information\n::\n\n::para\n[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}と[仮名]{かめい:pseudonym:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}の[最大]{さいだい:greatest:N3}の[違い]{ちがい:difference:N3}は、[不可逆性]{ふかぎゃくせい:irreversibility:N2}です。[仮名]{かめい:pseudonym:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}は、[削除]{さくじょ:deleted:N1}した[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}や[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}の[方法]{ほうほう:method:N3}に[関する]{かんする:regarding:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}を[用いれば]{もちいれば:if one uses:N4}[技術的]{ぎじゅつてき:technically:N2}に[元]{もと:original:N4}の[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}に[戻す]{もどす:return:N3}ことが[可能]{かのう:possible:N3}です（ただし[禁止]{きんし:prohibited:N2}されている）。[一方]{いっぽう:on the other hand:N4}、[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}は[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[自体]{じたい:itself:N4}が[不可逆]{ふかぎゃく:irreversible:N2}であり、どのような[手段]{しゅだん:means:N3}を[用いて]{もちいて:using:N4}も[元]{もと:original:N4}の[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}に[復元]{ふくげん:restore:N2}できません。この[不可逆性]{ふかぎゃくせい:irreversibility:N2}こそが、[第三者]{だいさんしゃ:third party:N1}[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}を[可能]{かのう:possible:N3}にする[根拠]{こんきょ:basis:N1}です。\n\n#en\nThe greatest difference between anonymized processed information and pseudonymized information is irreversibility. Pseudonymized information can technically be returned to the original personal information if the deleted information or processing method information is used (although this is prohibited). On the other hand, the processing of anonymized processed information is itself irreversible, and restoration to original personal information is impossible by any means. This irreversibility is precisely the basis that makes third-party provision possible.\n::\n\n::heading\n[制度]{せいど:system:N3}の[導入]{どうにゅう:introduction:N2}[背景]{はいけい:background:N3}（2015[年]{ねん:year:N5}[改正]{かいせい:amendment:N2}）\n\n#en\nBackground of introduction (2015 amendment)\n::\n\n::para\n[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}[制度]{せいど:system:N3}は、2015[年]{ねん:year:N5}の[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}[保護法]{ほごほう:protection act:N1}[改正]{かいせい:amendment:N2}で[導入]{どうにゅう:introduced:N2}されました。[背景]{はいけい:background:N3}には、ビッグデータ[時代]{じだい:era:N4}における[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}の[利活用]{りかつよう:utilization:N3}[促進]{そくしん:promotion:N1}とプライバシー[保護]{ほご:protection:N1}の[両立]{りょうりつ:compatibility:N3}という[課題]{かだい:challenge:N2}がありました。[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operators:N4}が[保有]{ほゆう:hold:N1}する[大量]{たいりょう:large volume:N2}の[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}を[安全]{あんぜん:safely:N3}に[外部]{がいぶ:external:N3}[共有]{きょうゆう:sharing:N3}し、[統計]{とうけい:statistics:N1}[分析]{ぶんせき:analysis:N1}や[研究]{けんきゅう:research:N4}[開発]{かいはつ:development:N4}に[活用]{かつよう:utilize:N3}するための[法的]{ほうてき:legal:N3}[枠組み]{わくぐみ:framework:N1}として[整備]{せいび:established:N1}されたものです。なお、[仮名]{かめい:pseudonym:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}は[後]{のち:later:N5}の2020[年]{ねん:year:N5}[改正]{かいせい:amendment:N2}で[導入]{どうにゅう:introduced:N2}されており、[導入]{どうにゅう:introduction:N2}[時期]{じき:timing:N3}の[違い]{ちがい:difference:N3}は[試験]{しけん:exam:N4}で[問われる]{とわれる:asked about:N4}ことがあります。\n\n#en\nThe anonymized processed information system was introduced in the 2015 amendment to the Act on the Protection of Personal Information. The background was the challenge of achieving both the promotion of personal information utilization and privacy protection in the big data era. It was established as a legal framework for business operators to safely share externally the large volumes of personal information they hold, for use in statistical analysis and research and development. Note that pseudonymized information was introduced later in the 2020 amendment, and the difference in introduction timing may be tested on the exam.\n::\n\n::heading\n[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[基準]{きじゅん:standards:N1}（[施行]{しこう:enforcement:N1}[規則]{きそく:rules:N2}[第]{だい:number:N1}34[条]{じょう:article:N1}）\n\n#en\nProcessing standards (Enforcement Rules Art. 34)\n::\n\n::para\n[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}の[作成]{さくせい:creation:N3}にあたっては、[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}[保護]{ほご:protection:N1}[委員会]{いいんかい:commission:N2}[規則]{きそく:rules:N2}（[施行]{しこう:enforcement:N1}[規則]{きそく:rules:N2}[第]{だい:number:N1}34[条]{じょう:article:N1}）で[定められた]{さだめられた:stipulated:N3}5つの[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[基準]{きじゅん:standards:N1}に[従わ]{したがわ:follow:N1}なければなりません。これらの[基準]{きじゅん:standards:N1}はすべて[満たす]{みたす:satisfy:N3}[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}があり、[一]{ひと:one:N5}つでも[欠けると]{かけると:if lacking:N3}[適法]{てきほう:lawful:N3}な[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}とは[認められ]{みとめられ:recognized:N3}ません。[以下]{いか:below:N4}、[各]{かく:each:N2}[基準]{きじゅん:standard:N1}を[詳しく]{くわしく:in detail:N1}[解説]{かいせつ:explain:N3}します。\n\n#en\nWhen creating anonymized processed information, the five processing standards stipulated in the rules of the Personal Information Protection Commission (Enforcement Rules, Article 34) must be followed. All of these standards must be satisfied, and if even one is lacking, the result will not be recognized as lawful anonymized processed information. Each standard is explained in detail below.\n::\n\n::para\n[第]{だい:number:N1}1の[基準]{きじゅん:standard:N1}は、[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}の[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}を[識別]{しきべつ:identify:N3}できる[記述]{きじゅつ:description:N2}[等]{とう:etc.:N3}の[削除]{さくじょ:deletion:N1}です。[具体的]{ぐたいてき:specifically:N3}には、[氏名]{しめい:full name:N1}、[生年月日]{せいねんがっぴ:date of birth:N5}、[住所]{じゅうしょ:address:N3}、[顔]{かお:face:N3}[写真]{しゃしん:photograph:N4}などが[該当]{がいとう:applicable:N1}します。ただし、[削除]{さくじょ:deletion:N1}は[完全]{かんぜん:complete:N3}な[消去]{しょうきょ:erasure:N3}だけでなく、[置換]{ちかん:replacement:N2}も[含みます]{ふくみます:includes:N2}。[例えば]{たとえば:for example:N3}、[生年月日]{せいねんがっぴ:date of birth:N5}を[生]{せい:birth:N5}[年]{ねん:year:N5}[月]{つき:month:N5}のみに[置き換える]{おきかえる:replace:N2}、[住所]{じゅうしょ:address:N3}を[都道府県]{とどうふけん:prefecture:N2}[単位]{たんい:level:N3}に[丸める]{まるめる:round:N2}といった[方法]{ほうほう:method:N3}が[認められて]{みとめられて:permitted:N3}います。\n\n#en\nThe first standard is the deletion of descriptions that can identify a specific individual. Specifically, this includes full names, dates of birth, addresses, facial photographs, and the like. However, \"deletion\" includes not only complete erasure but also replacement. For example, methods such as replacing a date of birth with only the birth year and month, or rounding an address to the prefecture level, are permitted.\n::\n\n::para\n[第]{だい:number:N1}2の[基準]{きじゅん:standard:N1}は、[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[識別]{しきべつ:identification:N3}[符号]{ふごう:code:N2}の[全部]{ぜんぶ:all:N3}の[削除]{さくじょ:deletion:N1}です。[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[識別]{しきべつ:identification:N3}[符号]{ふごう:code:N2}とは、マイナンバー、[旅券]{りょけん:passport:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}、[基礎]{きそ:basic:N1}[年金]{ねんきん:pension:N5}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}、[運転]{うんてん:driver:N4}[免許証]{めんきょしょう:license:N1}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}、[指紋]{しもん:fingerprint:N1}・[虹彩]{こうさい:iris:N1}などの[生体]{せいたい:biometric:N4}[認証]{にんしょう:authentication:N1}データを[指します]{さします:refers to:N3}。これらは[一]{ひと:one:N5}つでも[残って]{のこって:remaining:N3}いると[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}の[特定]{とくてい:identification:N3}に[直結]{ちょっけつ:directly connected:N1}するため、「[全部]{ぜんぶ:all:N3}」の[削除]{さくじょ:deletion:N1}が[求められ]{もとめられ:required:N3}ます。\n\n#en\nThe second standard is the deletion of all individual identification codes. Individual identification codes refer to My Number, passport numbers, basic pension numbers, driver's license numbers, biometric authentication data such as fingerprints and irises, and the like. Since even one remaining code is directly connected to identifying an individual, deletion of \"all\" codes is required.\n::\n\n::para\n[第]{だい:number:N1}3の[基準]{きじゅん:standard:N1}は、[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}を[相互]{そうご:mutually:N3}に[連結]{れんけつ:link:N1}する[符号]{ふごう:code:N2}の[削除]{さくじょ:deletion:N1}です。これは、[社内]{しゃない:internal:N3}の[複数]{ふくすう:multiple:N2}のデータベース[間]{かん:between:N5}で[同一]{どういつ:same:N4}[人物]{じんぶつ:person:N4}のレコードを[紐]{ひも:tie:N1}[付ける]{つける:attach:N3}[内部]{ないぶ:internal:N3}ID[等]{とう:etc.:N3}のことです。[例えば]{たとえば:for example:N3}、[購買]{こうばい:purchasing:N1}データベースと[会員]{かいいん:member:N4}データベースを[共通]{きょうつう:common:N3}の[顧客]{こきゃく:customer:N1}IDで[連結]{れんけつ:link:N1}できる[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}、その[顧客]{こきゃく:customer:N1}IDを[削除]{さくじょ:delete:N1}または[置換]{ちかん:replace:N2}しなければなりません。[連結]{れんけつ:linking:N1}[符号]{ふごう:code:N2}が[残って]{のこって:remaining:N3}いると、[複数]{ふくすう:multiple:N2}のデータソースを[突合]{とつごう:match:N3}して[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}を[特定]{とくてい:identify:N3}される[危険]{きけん:danger:N3}があります。\n\n#en\nThe third standard is the deletion of codes that mutually link information. This refers to internal IDs that tie together records of the same person across multiple databases within a company. For example, if a purchasing database and a member database can be linked by a common customer ID, that customer ID must be deleted or replaced. If linking codes remain, there is a danger that multiple data sources could be matched to identify an individual.\n::\n\n::para\n[第]{だい:number:N1}4の[基準]{きじゅん:standard:N1}は、[特異]{とくい:unique:N1}な[記述]{きじゅつ:description:N2}[等]{とう:etc.:N3}の[削除]{さくじょ:deletion:N1}です。[特異]{とくい:unique:N1}な[記述]{きじゅつ:description:N2}とは、データの[中]{なか:within:N5}で[極端]{きょくたん:extreme:N1}に[珍しい]{めずらしい:rare:N2}[値]{あたい:value:N3}のことです。[例えば]{たとえば:for example:N3}、[年齢]{ねんれい:age:N2}が116[歳]{さい:years old:N3}、[年収]{ねんしゅう:annual income:N3}が50[億]{おく:hundred million:N2}[円]{えん:yen:N5}、[身長]{しんちょう:height:N4}が210cmといった[値]{あたい:value:N3}は、それ[自体]{じたい:itself:N4}で[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}を[推測]{すいそく:guess:N1}させる[手がかり]{てがかり:clue:N4}になりえます。[対策]{たいさく:countermeasure:N1}としては、[上限]{じょうげん:upper limit:N3}[値]{ち:value:N3}を[設定]{せってい:set:N2}する（[例]{れい:example:N3}：「80[歳]{さい:years old:N3}[以上]{いじょう:or more:N4}」にまとめる）、[範囲]{はんい:range:N1}に[置き換える]{おきかえる:replace:N2}（[例]{れい:example:N3}：「[年収]{ねんしゅう:annual income:N3}1[億]{おく:hundred million:N2}[円]{えん:yen:N5}[以上]{いじょう:or more:N4}」にまとめる）などの[一般化]{いっぱんか:generalization:N2}が[行われ]{おこなわれ:performed:N5}ます。\n\n#en\nThe fourth standard is the deletion of unique descriptions. Unique descriptions refer to extremely rare values within the data. For example, values such as age 116, annual income of 5 billion yen, or height of 210 cm can themselves become clues to guessing an individual. As countermeasures, generalization methods such as setting upper limits (e.g., grouping into \"80 years or older\") or replacing with ranges (e.g., grouping into \"annual income of 100 million yen or more\") are performed.\n::\n\n::para\n[第]{だい:number:N1}5の[基準]{きじゅん:standard:N1}は、その[他]{た:other:N3}[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}データベース[等]{とう:etc.:N3}の[性質]{せいしつ:nature:N3}を[勘案]{かんあん:consider:N1}した[適切]{てきせつ:appropriate:N3}な[措置]{そち:measures:N1}です。これは[包括的]{ほうかつてき:comprehensive:N1}な[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}であり、データベースの[内容]{ないよう:content:N3}や[規模]{きぼ:scale:N1}、[利用]{りよう:use:N3}[目的]{もくてき:purpose:N4}に[応じて]{おうじて:in accordance with:N1}[個別]{こべつ:individually:N2}に[判断]{はんだん:judge:N3}されます。[例えば]{たとえば:for example:N3}、[地域]{ちいき:region:N2}の[人口]{じんこう:population:N4}が[極めて]{きわめて:extremely:N2}[少ない]{すくない:few:N4}[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}は、[都道府県]{とどうふけん:prefecture:N2}[単位]{たんい:level:N3}の[住所]{じゅうしょ:address:N3}でも[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}が[特定]{とくてい:identify:N3}されうるため、さらに[広い]{ひろい:broader:N4}[地域]{ちいき:region:N2}にまとめるなどの[追加]{ついか:additional:N3}[措置]{そち:measures:N1}が[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}です。[文脈]{ぶんみゃく:context:N1}[依存]{いぞん:dependent:N2}の[基準]{きじゅん:standard:N1}であるため、[試験]{しけん:exam:N4}では[具体的]{ぐたいてき:specific:N3}な[事例]{じれい:case examples:N3}で[問われる]{とわれる:asked:N4}ことがあります。\n\n#en\nThe fifth standard is other appropriate measures considering the nature of the personal information database. This is a comprehensive provision that is judged individually according to the content, scale, and use purpose of the database. For example, if the population of a region is extremely small, even prefecture-level addresses may identify an individual, so additional measures such as aggregating to broader regions are necessary. Because it is a context-dependent standard, the exam may test this through specific case examples.\n::\n\n::heading\n[法]{ほう:act:N3}[第]{だい:number:N1}43[条]{じょう:article:N1}：[作成]{さくせい:creation:N3}[時]{じ:time:N5}の[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}\n\n#en\nArticle 43: Obligations when creating\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:act:N3}[第]{だい:number:N1}43[条]{じょう:article:N1}は、[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}[取扱]{とりあつかい:handling:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}が[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}を[作成]{さくせい:create:N3}する[際]{さい:when:N3}の[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}を[定めて]{さだめて:stipulate:N3}います。まず、[上述]{じょうじゅつ:above-mentioned:N2}の[施行]{しこう:enforcement:N1}[規則]{きそく:rules:N2}[第]{だい:number:N1}34[条]{じょう:article:N1}の[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[基準]{きじゅん:standards:N1}に[適合]{てきごう:conform:N3}する[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}を[行わ]{おこなわ:perform:N5}なければなりません。[次]{つぎ:next:N3}に、[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[方法]{ほうほう:method:N3}[等]{とう:etc.:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}の[漏えい]{ろうえい:leakage:N1}を[防止]{ぼうし:prevention:N2}するための[安全]{あんぜん:safety:N3}[管理]{かんり:management:N2}[措置]{そち:measures:N1}を[講じ]{こうじ:take:N2}なければなりません。[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[方法]{ほうほう:method:N3}が[漏えい]{ろうえい:leak:N1}すると、[元]{もと:original:N4}の[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}が[復元]{ふくげん:restored:N2}される[危険性]{きけんせい:risk:N3}があるため、この[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}は[極めて]{きわめて:extremely:N2}[重要]{じゅうよう:important:N3}です。\n\n#en\nArticle 43 stipulates the obligations of anonymized processed information handling business operators when creating anonymized processed information. First, they must perform processing that conforms to the processing standards in the above-mentioned Enforcement Rules Article 34. Next, they must take safety management measures to prevent leakage of processing method information. Because there is a risk that the original personal information could be restored if processing methods leak, this obligation is extremely important.\n::\n\n::para\nさらに[法]{ほう:act:N3}[第]{だい:number:N1}43[条]{じょう:article:N1}では、[作成]{さくせい:creation:N3}[時]{じ:time:N5}の[公表]{こうひょう:public announcement:N3}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}が[課されて]{かされて:imposed:N2}います。[具体的]{ぐたいてき:specifically:N3}には、[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}に[含まれる]{ふくまれる:contained:N2}[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}に[関する]{かんする:regarding:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}の[項目]{こうもく:items:N1}を[公表]{こうひょう:publicly announce:N3}しなければなりません。[例えば]{たとえば:for example:N3}、「[年齢]{ねんれい:age:N2}、[性別]{せいべつ:gender:N3}、[購買]{こうばい:purchasing:N1}[履歴]{りれき:history:N1}」のように、どのような[種類]{しゅるい:type:N3}の[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}が[含まれて]{ふくまれて:contained:N2}いるかを[明らかに]{あきらかに:clearly:N4}します。また、[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}を[作成]{さくせい:created:N3}した[旨]{むね:to the effect that:N1}も[公表]{こうひょう:publicly announce:N3}します。なお、[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}の[具体的]{ぐたいてき:specific:N3}な[方法]{ほうほう:method:N3}[自体]{じたい:itself:N4}は[公表]{こうひょう:publicly announce:N3}する[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}はなく、あくまで「[項目]{こうもく:items:N1}」と「[作成]{さくせい:creation:N3}した[旨]{むね:effect:N1}」の[公表]{こうひょう:announcement:N3}に[限られる]{かぎられる:limited:N3}[点]{てん:point:N3}に[注意]{ちゅうい:caution:N4}してください。\n\n#en\nFurthermore, Article 43 imposes public announcement obligations at the time of creation. Specifically, the items of information relating to individuals contained in the anonymized processed information must be publicly announced. For example, this means clarifying what types of information are contained, such as \"age, gender, purchasing history.\" Additionally, the fact that anonymized processed information was created must also be publicly announced. Note that the specific processing method itself does not need to be publicly announced — it is limited to the announcement of \"items\" and \"the fact of creation.\"\n::\n\n::heading\n[法]{ほう:act:N3}[第]{だい:number:N1}44[条]{じょう:article:N1}：[第三者]{だいさんしゃ:third party:N1}[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}[時]{じ:time:N5}の[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}\n\n#en\nArticle 44: Obligations when providing to third parties\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:act:N3}[第]{だい:number:N1}44[条]{じょう:article:N1}は、[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}を[第三者]{だいさんしゃ:third party:N1}に[提供]{ていきょう:provide:N1}する[際]{さい:when:N3}の[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}を[規定]{きてい:stipulate:N3}しています。[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}は、[第三者]{だいさんしゃ:third party:N1}に[提供]{ていきょう:provide:N1}される[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}に[含まれる]{ふくまれる:contained:N2}[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}に[関する]{かんする:regarding:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}の[項目]{こうもく:items:N1}と、[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}の[方法]{ほうほう:method:N3}を[公表]{こうひょう:publicly announce:N3}しなければなりません。[作成]{さくせい:creation:N3}[時]{じ:time:N5}の[公表]{こうひょう:announcement:N3}が「[項目]{こうもく:items:N1}」だけであるのに[対し]{たいし:in contrast:N3}、[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}[時]{じ:time:N5}は「[項目]{こうもく:items:N1}＋[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}の[方法]{ほうほう:method:N3}」と[範囲]{はんい:scope:N1}が[広がる]{ひろがる:expands:N4}[点]{てん:point:N3}が[試験]{しけん:exam:N4}の[頻出]{ひんしゅつ:frequently appearing:N1}ポイントです。\n\n#en\nArticle 44 stipulates the obligations when providing anonymized processed information to third parties. Business operators must publicly announce the items of information relating to individuals contained in the anonymized processed information to be provided to third parties, as well as the method of provision. Whereas the announcement at the time of creation is only \"items,\" at the time of provision the scope expands to \"items + method of provision\" — this is a frequently tested point on the exam.\n::\n\n::para\nさらに、[提供先]{ていきょうさき:recipient:N1}に[対して]{たいして:toward:N3}、[当該]{とうがい:said:N1}データが[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}である[旨]{むね:to the effect that:N1}を[明示]{めいじ:explicitly indicate:N3}しなければなりません。この[明示]{めいじ:indication:N3}は、[受領者]{じゅりょうしゃ:recipient:N2}が[適切]{てきせつ:appropriate:N3}な[取扱い]{とりあつかい:handling:N1}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}を[負う]{おう:bear:N3}ことを[認識]{にんしき:recognize:N3}させるために[不可欠]{ふかけつ:indispensable:N3}です。[最]{もっと:most:N3}も[重要]{じゅうよう:important:N3}な[点]{てん:point:N3}は、[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}の[第三者]{だいさんしゃ:third party:N1}[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}には[本人]{ほんにん:the person:N5}の[同意]{どうい:consent:N4}が[不要]{ふよう:unnecessary:N3}であることです。これが[通常]{つうじょう:ordinary:N3}の[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}の[第三者]{だいさんしゃ:third party:N1}[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}との[最大]{さいだい:greatest:N3}の[違い]{ちがい:difference:N3}であり、[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}[制度]{せいど:system:N3}の[最大]{さいだい:greatest:N3}のメリットです。\n\n#en\nFurthermore, the recipient must be explicitly informed that the data is anonymized processed information. This explicit indication is indispensable for making the recipient recognize that they bear appropriate handling obligations. The most important point is that consent of the individual is NOT required for third-party provision of anonymized processed information. This is the greatest difference from third-party provision of ordinary personal information, and the greatest advantage of the anonymized processed information system.\n::\n\n::heading\n[法]{ほう:act:N3}[第]{だい:number:N1}45[条]{じょう:article:N1}：[受領者]{じゅりょうしゃ:recipient:N2}の[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}\n\n#en\nArticle 45: Recipient obligations\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:act:N3}[第]{だい:number:N1}45[条]{じょう:article:N1}は、[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}の[受領者]{じゅりょうしゃ:recipient:N2}（[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}を[受けた]{うけた:received:N3}[側]{がわ:side:N3}）の[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}を[定めて]{さだめて:stipulate:N3}います。[最]{もっと:most:N3}も[核心的]{かくしんてき:core:N1}な[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}は、[照合]{しょうごう:cross-referencing:N2}[禁止]{きんし:prohibition:N2}です。[受領者]{じゅりょうしゃ:recipient:N2}は、[受領]{じゅりょう:received:N2}した[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}を[他]{た:other:N3}の[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}と[照合]{しょうごう:cross-reference:N2}して[元]{もと:original:N4}の[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}を[識別]{しきべつ:identify:N3}しようとする[行為]{こうい:act:N1}が[禁止]{きんし:prohibited:N2}されています。これは、[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}が[技術的]{ぎじゅつてき:technically:N2}には[復元]{ふくげん:restoration:N2}[不可能]{ふかのう:impossible:N3}であっても、[外部]{がいぶ:external:N3}データとの[組み合わせ]{くみあわせ:combination:N3}により[再]{さい:re-:N2}[識別]{しきべつ:identification:N3}のリスクが[理論的]{りろんてき:theoretically:N3}には[存在]{そんざい:exist:N3}するためです。\n\n#en\nArticle 45 stipulates the obligations of the recipient (the party that received the provision) of anonymized processed information. The most core obligation is the prohibition of cross-referencing. Recipients are prohibited from cross-referencing the received anonymized processed information with other information to attempt to identify the original individual. This is because even though anonymized processed information is technically non-restorable, the risk of re-identification theoretically exists through combination with external data.\n::\n\n::para\n[受領者]{じゅりょうしゃ:recipient:N2}はまた、[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}の[安全]{あんぜん:safety:N3}[管理]{かんり:management:N2}のために[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}かつ[適切]{てきせつ:appropriate:N3}な[措置]{そち:measures:N1}を[講じ]{こうじ:take:N2}なければなりません。[具体的]{ぐたいてき:specifically:N3}には、アクセス[制御]{せいぎょ:control:N3}、[従業員]{じゅうぎょういん:employees:N1}への[教育]{きょういく:training:N3}、[取扱い]{とりあつかい:handling:N1}[規程]{きてい:regulations:N3}の[整備]{せいび:establishment:N1}などが[含まれ]{ふくまれ:included:N2}ます。[受領者]{じゅりょうしゃ:recipient:N2}は[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[方法]{ほうほう:method:N3}を[知らない]{しらない:do not know:N4}ため、[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[方法]{ほうほう:method:N3}[等]{とう:etc.:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}の[漏えい]{ろうえい:leakage:N1}[防止]{ぼうし:prevention:N2}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}は[作成者]{さくせいしゃ:creator:N3}のみが[負います]{おいます:bear:N3}。\n\n#en\nRecipients must also take necessary and appropriate measures for the safety management of anonymized processed information. Specifically, this includes access control, training for employees, and establishment of handling regulations. Since recipients do not know the processing method, the obligation to prevent leakage of processing method information is borne only by the creator.\n::\n\n::heading\n[法]{ほう:act:N3}[第]{だい:number:N1}46[条]{じょう:article:N1}：[安全]{あんぜん:safety:N3}[管理]{かんり:management:N2}[措置]{そち:measures:N1}\n\n#en\nArticle 46: Safety management measures\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:act:N3}[第]{だい:number:N1}46[条]{じょう:article:N1}は、[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}を[取り扱う]{とりあつかう:handle:N1}すべての[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operators:N4}（[作成者]{さくせいしゃ:creator:N3}と[受領者]{じゅりょうしゃ:recipient:N2}の[双方]{そうほう:both parties:N2}）に[対して]{たいして:toward:N3}、[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}の[適切]{てきせつ:appropriate:N3}な[取扱い]{とりあつかい:handling:N1}を[確保]{かくほ:ensure:N1}するための[安全]{あんぜん:safety:N3}[管理]{かんり:management:N2}[措置]{そち:measures:N1}[等]{とう:etc.:N3}の[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}を[課して]{かして:impose:N2}います。[苦情]{くじょう:complaints:N3}の[処理]{しょり:handling:N3}や[安全]{あんぜん:safety:N3}[管理]{かんり:management:N2}[措置]{そち:measures:N1}の[公表]{こうひょう:announcement:N3}など、[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}に[対する]{たいする:regarding:N3}[社会的]{しゃかいてき:societal:N4}[信頼]{しんらい:trust:N3}を[維持]{いじ:maintain:N1}するための[包括的]{ほうかつてき:comprehensive:N1}な[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}です。\n\n#en\nArticle 46 imposes obligations for safety management measures to ensure appropriate handling of anonymized processed information on all business operators that handle it (both creators and recipients). It is a comprehensive provision for maintaining societal trust in anonymized processed information, including handling of complaints and announcement of safety management measures.\n::\n\n::heading\n[比較表]{ひかくひょう:comparison table:N1}：[仮名]{かめい:pseudonym:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3} vs [匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}\n\n#en\nComparison table: Pseudonymized vs. anonymized processed information\n::\n\n::callout\n[仮名]{かめい:pseudonym:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}と[匿名]{とくめい:anonymous:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}の[比較]{ひかく:comparison:N1}：\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>\u003Ctable>\u003Ctr>\u003Cth>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"こうもく\" data-meaning=\"item\">\u003Cruby>項目\u003Crt>こうもく\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fth>\u003Cth>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"かめい\" data-meaning=\"pseudonym\">\u003Cruby>仮名\u003Crt>かめい\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"かこう\" data-meaning=\"processing\">\u003Cruby>加工\u003Crt>かこう\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"じょうほう\" data-meaning=\"information\">\u003Cruby>情報\u003Crt>じょうほう\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fth>\u003Cth>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"とくめい\" data-meaning=\"anonymous\">\u003Cruby>匿名\u003Crt>とくめい\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"かこう\" data-meaning=\"processing\">\u003Cruby>加工\u003Crt>かこう\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"じょうほう\" data-meaning=\"information\">\u003Cruby>情報\u003Crt>じょうほう\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Fth>\u003C\u002Ftr>\u003Ctr>\u003Ctd>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"どうにゅう\" data-meaning=\"introduction\">\u003Cruby>導入\u003Crt>どうにゅう\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"じき\" data-meaning=\"period\">\u003Cruby>時期\u003Crt>じき\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>2020\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"ねん\" data-meaning=\"year\">\u003Cruby>年\u003Crt>ねん\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"かいせい\" data-meaning=\"amendment\">\u003Cruby>改正\u003Crt>かいせい\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>2015\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"ねん\" data-meaning=\"year\">\u003Cruby>年\u003Crt>ねん\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"かいせい\" data-meaning=\"amendment\">\u003Cruby>改正\u003Crt>かいせい\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003C\u002Ftr>\u003Ctr>\u003Ctd>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"だいさんしゃ\" data-meaning=\"third party\">\u003Cruby>第三者\u003Crt>だいさんしゃ\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"ていきょう\" data-meaning=\"provision\">\u003Cruby>提供\u003Crt>ていきょう\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"げんそく\" data-meaning=\"in principle\">\u003Cruby>原則\u003Crt>げんそく\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"きんし\" data-meaning=\"prohibited\">\u003Cruby>禁止\u003Crt>きんし\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"かのう\" data-meaning=\"possible\">\u003Cruby>可能\u003Crt>かのう\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>（\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"こうひょう\" data-meaning=\"announce\">\u003Cruby>公表\u003Crt>こうひょう\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>＋\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"めいじ\" data-meaning=\"indicate\">\u003Cruby>明示\u003Crt>めいじ\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>）\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003C\u002Ftr>\u003Ctr>\u003Ctd>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"ほんにん\" data-meaning=\"person\">\u003Cruby>本人\u003Crt>ほんにん\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>の\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"せいきゅうけん\" data-meaning=\"right of claim\">\u003Cruby>請求権\u003Crt>せいきゅうけん\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"てきよう\" data-meaning=\"application\">\u003Cruby>適用\u003Crt>てきよう\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>なし\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"てきよう\" data-meaning=\"application\">\u003Cruby>適用\u003Crt>てきよう\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>なし\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003C\u002Ftr>\u003Ctr>\u003Ctd>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"さい\" data-meaning=\"re-\">\u003Cruby>再\u003Crt>さい\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"しきべつ\" data-meaning=\"identification\">\u003Cruby>識別\u003Crt>しきべつ\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>の\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"かのうせい\" data-meaning=\"possibility\">\u003Cruby>可能性\u003Crt>かのうせい\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"ぎじゅつてき\" data-meaning=\"technically\">\u003Cruby>技術的\u003Crt>ぎじゅつてき\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>に\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"かのう\" data-meaning=\"possible\">\u003Cruby>可能\u003Crt>かのう\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>（\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"きんし\" data-meaning=\"prohibited\">\u003Cruby>禁止\u003Crt>きんし\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>）\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"ふかのう\" data-meaning=\"impossible\">\u003Cruby>不可能\u003Crt>ふかのう\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>（\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"ふかぎゃく\" data-meaning=\"irreversible\">\u003Cruby>不可逆\u003Crt>ふかぎゃく\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>）\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003C\u002Ftr>\u003Ctr>\u003Ctd>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"りよう\" data-meaning=\"use\">\u003Cruby>利用\u003Crt>りよう\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"もくてき\" data-meaning=\"purpose\">\u003Cruby>目的\u003Crt>もくてき\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"しゃない\" data-meaning=\"internal\">\u003Cruby>社内\u003Crt>しゃない\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"りよう\" data-meaning=\"use\">\u003Cruby>利用\u003Crt>りよう\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>は\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"かんわ\" data-meaning=\"relaxed\">\u003Cruby>緩和\u003Crt>かんわ\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"じゆう\" data-meaning=\"freely\">\u003Cruby>自由\u003Crt>じゆう\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>に\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"せってい\" data-meaning=\"set\">\u003Cruby>設定\u003Crt>せってい\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"かのう\" data-meaning=\"possible\">\u003Cruby>可能\u003Crt>かのう\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003C\u002Ftr>\u003Ctr>\u003Ctd>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"さくせい\" data-meaning=\"creation\">\u003Cruby>作成\u003Crt>さくせい\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>の\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"なんいど\" data-meaning=\"difficulty\">\u003Cruby>難易度\u003Crt>なんいど\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"ひかくてき\" data-meaning=\"relatively\">\u003Cruby>比較的\u003Crt>ひかくてき\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"ようい\" data-meaning=\"easy\">\u003Cruby>容易\u003Crt>ようい\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"たかい\" data-meaning=\"high\">\u003Cruby>高い\u003Crt>たかい\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003C\u002Ftr>\u003Ctr>\u003Ctd>ユースケース\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"しゃない\" data-meaning=\"internal\">\u003Cruby>社内\u003Crt>しゃない\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"ぶんせき\" data-meaning=\"analysis\">\u003Cruby>分析\u003Crt>ぶんせき\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003Ctd>オープンデータ、\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"がいぶ\" data-meaning=\"external\">\u003Cruby>外部\u003Crt>がいぶ\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003Cspan class=\"jp-word\" data-reading=\"きょうゆう\" data-meaning=\"sharing\">\u003Cruby>共有\u003Crt>きょうゆう\u003C\u002Frt>\u003C\u002Fruby>\u003C\u002Fspan>\u003C\u002Ftd>\u003C\u002Ftr>\u003C\u002Ftable>\n\n#en\nComparison of pseudonymized information and anonymized processed information: Introduction period: Pseudonymized = 2020 amendment, Anonymized = 2015 amendment. Third-party provision: Pseudonymized = prohibited in principle, Anonymized = possible (with announcement + indication). Right of claim by the individual: Neither applies. Possibility of re-identification: Pseudonymized = technically possible (but prohibited), Anonymized = impossible (irreversible). Use purpose: Pseudonymized = relaxed for internal use, Anonymized = freely settable. Difficulty of creation: Pseudonymized = relatively easy, Anonymized = high. Use cases: Pseudonymized = internal analysis, Anonymized = open data, external sharing.\n::\n\n::callout\nこの[比較]{ひかく:comparison:N1}は[試験]{しけん:exam:N4}で[必ず]{かならず:always:N3}[出題]{しゅつだい:appear as a question:N4}されます。[特に]{とくに:especially:N4}[第三者]{だいさんしゃ:third party:N1}[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}の[可否]{かひ:whether or not:N3}と、[再]{さい:re-:N2}[識別]{しきべつ:identification:N3}の[可能性]{かのうせい:possibility:N3}の[違い]{ちがい:difference:N3}は[確実]{かくじつ:certainly:N3}に[押さえて]{おさえて:master:N3}おきましょう。\n\n#en\nThis comparison is always tested on the exam. Make sure to master especially the difference in whether third-party provision is possible and the difference in possibility of re-identification.\n::\n\n::heading\n[試験]{しけん:exam:N4}のポイント\n\n#en\nExam key points\n::\n\n::para\n[試験]{しけん:exam:N4}[対策]{たいさく:preparation:N1}のポイントを[整理]{せいり:organize:N1}します。[第]{だい:number:N1}1に、[施行]{しこう:enforcement:N1}[規則]{きそく:rules:N2}[第]{だい:number:N1}34[条]{じょう:article:N1}の[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[基準]{きじゅん:standards:N1}5つの[要件]{ようけん:requirements:N3}を[暗記]{あんき:memorize:N3}してください。[記述]{きじゅつ:description:N2}[等]{とう:etc.:N3}の[削除]{さくじょ:deletion:N1}、[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[識別]{しきべつ:identification:N3}[符号]{ふごう:code:N2}の[削除]{さくじょ:deletion:N1}、[連結]{れんけつ:linking:N1}[符号]{ふごう:code:N2}の[削除]{さくじょ:deletion:N1}、[特異]{とくい:unique:N1}な[記述]{きじゅつ:description:N2}の[削除]{さくじょ:deletion:N1}、データベースの[性質]{せいしつ:nature:N3}に[応じた]{おうじた:according to:N1}[措置]{そち:measures:N1}の[順番]{じゅんばん:order:N2}で[覚え]{おぼえ:remember:N3}ましょう。\n\n#en\nLet us organize the key points for exam preparation. First, memorize the five requirements of the processing standards in Enforcement Rules Article 34. Remember them in order: deletion of descriptions, deletion of individual identification codes, deletion of linking codes, deletion of unique descriptions, and measures according to the nature of the database.\n::\n\n::para\n[第]{だい:number:N1}2に、[作成]{さくせい:creation:N3}[時]{じ:time:N5}と[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}[時]{じ:time:N5}の[公表]{こうひょう:announcement:N3}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}の[違い]{ちがい:difference:N3}を[正確]{せいかく:accurately:N3}に[理解]{りかい:understand:N3}してください。[作成]{さくせい:creation:N3}[時]{じ:time:N5}は「[項目]{こうもく:items:N1}」と「[作成]{さくせい:creation:N3}した[旨]{むね:effect:N1}」、[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}[時]{じ:time:N5}は「[項目]{こうもく:items:N1}」と「[方法]{ほうほう:method:N3}」です。[第]{だい:number:N1}3に、[仮名]{かめい:pseudonym:N1}[加工]{かこう:processing:N3}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}との[違い]{ちがい:difference:N3}、[特に]{とくに:especially:N4}[第三者]{だいさんしゃ:third party:N1}[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}の[可否]{かひ:whether or not:N3}と[不可逆性]{ふかぎゃくせい:irreversibility:N2}の[違い]{ちがい:difference:N3}を[必ず]{かならず:always:N3}[押さえて]{おさえて:master:N3}おいてください。\n\n#en\nSecond, accurately understand the difference in public announcement obligations at the time of creation versus provision. At creation time: \"items\" and \"the fact of creation.\" At provision time: \"items\" and \"method.\" Third, be sure to master the differences from pseudonymized information, especially the difference in whether third-party provision is possible and the difference in irreversibility.\n::\n",{"id":367,"title":373,"titleEn":374,"topicPath":375,"questions":376},"第８編 匿名加工情報 確認テスト","Chapter 8: Anonymized Information — Practice Test","software\u002Fkojin-joho-hogo\u002Fkadai-1\u002Fhen-08-tokumei-kakou",[377,404,428,451,474],{"id":378,"articleId":6,"question":379,"options":382,"correctLabel":392,"explanation":399,"tags":402},"kjh-k1-h08-q01",{"en":380,"jp":381},"Which of the following is NOT included in the processing standards for anonymized information?","[匿名]{とくめい:anonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}の[加工]{かこう:processing}[基準]{きじゅん:standards}に[含]{ふく:included}まれないものはどれか。",[383,387,391,395],{"label":384,"jp":385,"en":386},"ア","[特定]{とくてい:specific}の[個人]{こじん:individual}を[識別]{しきべつ:identify}できる[記述]{きじゅつ:description}の[削除]{さくじょ:deletion}","Deletion of descriptions that can identify a specific individual",{"label":388,"jp":389,"en":390},"イ","[個人]{こじん:personal}[識別]{しきべつ:identification}[符号]{ふごう:code}の[削除]{さくじょ:deletion}","Deletion of individual identification codes",{"label":392,"jp":393,"en":394},"ウ","[全]{すべ:all}てのデータの[暗号化]{あんごうか:encryption}","Encryption of all data",{"label":396,"jp":397,"en":398},"エ","[不当]{ふとう:improper}に[財産的]{ざいさんてき:financial}[利益]{りえき:benefit}を[生]{しょう:create}じさせる[記述]{きじゅつ:description}の[削除]{さくじょ:deletion}","Deletion of descriptions that may create improper financial benefits",{"en":400,"jp":401},"The 5 processing standards are: (1) deletion of identifying descriptions, (2) deletion of individual identification codes, (3) deletion of descriptions creating improper financial benefits, (4) deletion of linking codes, (5) deletion of peculiar descriptions. \"Encryption of all data\" is not included.","[匿名]{とくめい:anonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}の[加工]{かこう:processing}[基準]{きじゅん:standards}5つは：(1)[特定]{とくてい:specific}[個人]{こじん:individual}[識別]{しきべつ:identification}[記述]{きじゅつ:description}の[削除]{さくじょ:deletion}、(2)[個人]{こじん:personal}[識別]{しきべつ:identification}[符号]{ふごう:code}の[削除]{さくじょ:deletion}、(3)[不当]{ふとう:improper}な[財産的]{ざいさんてき:financial}[利益]{りえき:benefit}を[生]{しょう:create}じさせる[記述]{きじゅつ:description}の[削除]{さくじょ:deletion}、(4)[情報]{じょうほう:information}を[相互]{そうご:mutual}に[連結]{れんけつ:link}する[符号]{ふごう:code}の[削除]{さくじょ:deletion}、(5)[特異]{とくい:peculiar}な[記述]{きじゅつ:description}の[削除]{さくじょ:deletion}。「[全]{すべ:all}てのデータの[暗号化]{あんごうか:encryption}」は[含]{ふく:included}まれない。",[23,403],"加工基準",{"id":405,"articleId":406,"question":407,"options":410,"correctLabel":388,"explanation":423,"tags":426},"kjh-k1-h08-q02","kjh-k1-h07-kamei-kakou",{"en":408,"jp":409},"Which of the following is correct about the publication obligation when creating anonymized information?","[匿名]{とくめい:anonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}の[作成]{さくせい:creation}[時]{じ:time}の[公表]{こうひょう:publication}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation}について[正]{ただ:correct}しいものはどれか。",[411,414,417,420],{"label":384,"jp":412,"en":413},"[公表]{こうひょう:publication}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation}はない","There is no publication obligation",{"label":388,"jp":415,"en":416},"[含]{ふく:contained}まれる[個人]{こじん:personal}[情報]{じょうほう:information}の[項目]{こうもく:items}を[公表]{こうひょう:publicize}しなければならない","The items of personal information contained must be publicized",{"label":392,"jp":418,"en":419},"[加工]{かこう:processing}[方法]{ほうほう:method}の[詳細]{しょうさい:details}を[公表]{こうひょう:publicize}しなければならない","Details of the processing method must be publicized",{"label":396,"jp":421,"en":422},"PPCにのみ[届出]{とどけで:notification}すればよい","It is sufficient to notify only the PPC",{"en":424,"jp":425},"When anonymized information is created, the items of personal information contained must be publicized. Details of the processing method must not be publicized (for security reasons).","[匿名]{とくめい:anonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}を[作成]{さくせい:created}したときは、[含]{ふく:contained}まれる[個人]{こじん:personal}[情報]{じょうほう:information}の[項目]{こうもく:items}を[公表]{こうひょう:publicize}する[義務]{ぎむ:obligation}がある。[加工]{かこう:processing}[方法]{ほうほう:method}の[詳細]{しょうさい:details}は[公表]{こうひょう:publication}してはならない（セキュリティ[上]{じょう:for reasons of}の[理由]{りゆう:reason}）。",[23,427],"公表義務",{"id":429,"articleId":6,"question":430,"options":433,"correctLabel":388,"explanation":446,"tags":449},"kjh-k1-h08-q03",{"en":431,"jp":432},"Which of the following is correct about obligations when providing anonymized information to third parties?","[匿名]{とくめい:anonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}を[第三者]{だいさんしゃ:third party}に[提供]{ていきょう:provide}する[際]{さい:when}の[義務]{ぎむ:obligation}として[正]{ただ:correct}しいものはどれか。",[434,437,440,443],{"label":384,"jp":435,"en":436},"[本人]{ほんにん:individual}の[同意]{どうい:consent}が[必要]{ひつよう:necessary}","Consent of the individual is required",{"label":388,"jp":438,"en":439},"[提供]{ていきょう:provision}する[情報]{じょうほう:information}の[項目]{こうもく:items}と[提供]{ていきょう:provision}[方法]{ほうほう:method}を[公表]{こうひょう:publicize}し、[匿名]{とくめい:anonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}である[旨]{むね:effect}を[提供]{ていきょう:provision}[先]{さき:recipient}に[明示]{めいじ:clearly indicate}する","Publicize the items and method of provision, and clearly indicate to the recipient that it is anonymized information",{"label":392,"jp":441,"en":442},"[特]{とく:special}に[義務]{ぎむ:obligation}はない","There are no special obligations",{"label":396,"jp":444,"en":445},"PPCの[許可]{きょか:permission}が[必要]{ひつよう:necessary}","Permission from the PPC is required",{"en":447,"jp":448},"When providing anonymized information to third parties, there is an obligation to publicize the items and method of provision and to clearly indicate to the recipient that it is anonymized information. Consent of the individual and PPC permission are not required.","[匿名]{とくめい:anonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}の[第三者]{だいさんしゃ:third party}[提供]{ていきょう:provision}[時]{じ:time}は、[項目]{こうもく:items}と[提供]{ていきょう:provision}[方法]{ほうほう:method}を[公表]{こうひょう:publicize}し、[提供]{ていきょう:provision}[先]{さき:recipient}に[匿名]{とくめい:anonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}である[旨]{むね:effect}を[明示]{めいじ:clearly indicate}する[義務]{ぎむ:obligation}がある。[本人]{ほんにん:individual}[同意]{どうい:consent}やPPCの[許可]{きょか:permission}は[不要]{ふよう:unnecessary}。",[23,450],"第三者提供",{"id":452,"articleId":406,"question":453,"options":456,"correctLabel":392,"explanation":469,"tags":472},"kjh-k1-h08-q04",{"en":454,"jp":455},"Which of the following is correct about the prohibition on cross-referencing anonymized information?","[匿名]{とくめい:anonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}の[照合]{しょうごう:cross-reference}[禁止]{きんし:prohibition}について[正]{ただ:correct}しいものはどれか。",[457,460,463,466],{"label":384,"jp":458,"en":459},"[作成]{さくせい:creator}[者]{しゃ:person}は[元]{もと:original}の[個人]{こじん:personal}[情報]{じょうほう:information}と[照合]{しょうごう:cross-reference}してもよい","The creator may cross-reference with the original personal information",{"label":388,"jp":461,"en":462},"[受領者]{じゅりょうしゃ:recipient}のみ[照合]{しょうごう:cross-reference}が[禁止]{きんし:prohibited}される","Only the recipient is prohibited from cross-referencing",{"label":392,"jp":464,"en":465},"[作成]{さくせい:creator}[者]{しゃ:person}・[受領者]{じゅりょうしゃ:recipient}[双方]{そうほう:both}が[照合]{しょうごう:cross-reference}[禁止]{きんし:prohibited}の[対象]{たいしょう:subject}","Both the creator and the recipient are subject to the prohibition on cross-referencing",{"label":396,"jp":467,"en":468},"[照合]{しょうごう:cross-reference}[禁止]{きんし:prohibition}は[努力]{どりょく:effort}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation}にすぎない","The prohibition on cross-referencing is merely an effort obligation",{"en":470,"jp":471},"The prohibition on cross-referencing anonymized information is a legal obligation that applies to both the creator and the recipient. Even the creator must not cross-reference with the original personal information to identify individuals.","[匿名]{とくめい:anonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}の[照合]{しょうごう:cross-reference}[禁止]{きんし:prohibition}は[作成]{さくせい:creator}[者]{しゃ:person}・[受領者]{じゅりょうしゃ:recipient}[双方]{そうほう:both}に[適用]{てきよう:applied}される[法的]{ほうてき:legal}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation}。[作成]{さくせい:creator}[者]{しゃ:person}であっても[元]{もと:original}の[個人]{こじん:personal}[情報]{じょうほう:information}と[照合]{しょうごう:cross-reference}して[本人]{ほんにん:individual}を[識別]{しきべつ:identify}してはならない。",[23,473],"照合禁止",{"id":475,"articleId":6,"question":476,"options":479,"correctLabel":396,"explanation":492,"tags":495},"kjh-k1-h08-q05",{"en":477,"jp":478},"Which of the following is INCORRECT as a comparison between pseudonymized and anonymized information?","[仮名]{かめい:pseudonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}と[匿名]{とくめい:anonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}の[比較]{ひかく:comparison}として[誤]{あやま:incorrect}っているものはどれか。",[480,483,486,489],{"label":384,"jp":481,"en":482},"[匿名]{とくめい:anonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}は[第三者]{だいさんしゃ:third party}[提供]{ていきょう:provision}が[可能]{かのう:possible}だが、[仮名]{かめい:pseudonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}は[原則]{げんそく:principle}[禁止]{きんし:prohibited}","Anonymized information can be provided to third parties, but pseudonymized is prohibited in principle",{"label":388,"jp":484,"en":485},"[仮名]{かめい:pseudonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}は[本人]{ほんにん:individual}[請求権]{せいきゅうけん:right to request}が[適用]{てきよう:applied}[除外]{じょがい:excluded}されるが、[匿名]{とくめい:anonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}はされない","Individual request rights are excluded for pseudonymized but not for anonymized information",{"label":392,"jp":487,"en":488},"[匿名]{とくめい:anonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}は[復元]{ふくげん:restoration}[不可能]{ふかのう:impossible}が[要件]{ようけん:requirement}、[仮名]{かめい:pseudonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}は[照合]{しょうごう:cross-reference}しなければ[識別]{しきべつ:identify}できない[状態]{じょうたい:state}","Anonymized requires impossibility of restoration; pseudonymized requires non-identifiability without cross-referencing",{"label":396,"jp":490,"en":491},"[仮名]{かめい:pseudonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}は2015[年]{ねん:year}[改正]{かいせい:amendment}で[導入]{どうにゅう:introduced}された","Pseudonymized information was introduced in the 2015 amendment",{"en":493,"jp":494},"Pseudonymized information was introduced in the 2020 amendment, not 2015. Anonymized information was introduced in the 2015 amendment. Regarding option B, anonymized information does not constitute personal information to begin with, so individual request rights do not apply at all.","[仮名]{かめい:pseudonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}は2020[年]{ねん:year}[改正]{かいせい:amendment}で[導入]{どうにゅう:introduced}された[概念]{がいねん:concept}であり、2015[年]{ねん:year}ではない。2015[年]{ねん:year}[改正]{かいせい:amendment}で[導入]{どうにゅう:introduced}されたのは[匿名]{とくめい:anonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}。イについて、[匿名]{とくめい:anonymized}[加工]{かこう:processed}[情報]{じょうほう:information}はそもそも[個人]{こじん:personal}[情報]{じょうほう:information}に[該当]{がいとう:applicable}しないため[本人]{ほんにん:individual}[請求権]{せいきゅうけん:right to request}の[適用]{てきよう:application}[自体]{じたい:itself}がない。",[45,23,321]]