[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"article:furiransu-hou":3},{"meta":4,"markdown":78,"quiz":79},{"type":5,"articleId":6,"slug":7,"title":8,"titleEn":9,"category":10,"summary":11,"publishedAt":12,"image":13,"vocabulary":14,"quizId":77},"article","law-furiransu-hou","furiransu-hou","フリーランス保護法（2024年施行）— 取引適正化のポイント","The Freelancer Protection Act (2024) — Key Points for Fair Transactions","law","Comprehensive coverage of the Freelancer Protection Act (特定受託事業者に係る取引の適正化等に関する法律), which took effect on November 1, 2024. The law applies to companies (発注事業者 \u002F 業務委託事業者) commissioning work from solo freelancers (特定受託事業者). It requires written disclosure of transaction terms (Article 3), payment within 60 days of acceptance (Article 4), and prohibits seven specific acts (Article 5: refusal of receipt, payment reduction, returns, lowball pricing, etc.). It also imposes obligations regarding job ads, childcare\u002Fnursing-care consideration, and harassment prevention. Enforcement is by the Japan Fair Trade Commission (公正取引委員会) and the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare, with administrative orders, public disclosure, and fines up to 500,000 yen.\n","2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","https:\u002F\u002Fimages.yamiyomi.com\u002Flaw-furiransu-hou.png",[15,20,24,28,32,36,40,44,48,53,57,61,65,69,73],{"word":16,"reading":17,"meaning":18,"level":19},"特定受託事業者","とくていじゅたくじぎょうしゃ","specific contracted business operator (solo freelancer)","N1",{"word":21,"reading":22,"meaning":23,"level":19},"業務委託事業者","ぎょうむいたくじぎょうしゃ","business commissioning entity",{"word":25,"reading":26,"meaning":27,"level":19},"取引条件","とりひきじょうけん","transaction conditions",{"word":29,"reading":30,"meaning":31,"level":19},"明示","めいじ","explicit indication",{"word":33,"reading":34,"meaning":35,"level":19},"報酬","ほうしゅう","remuneration",{"word":37,"reading":38,"meaning":39,"level":19},"受領拒否","じゅりょうきょひ","refusal to accept delivery",{"word":41,"reading":42,"meaning":43,"level":19},"報酬減額","ほうしゅうげんがく","payment reduction",{"word":45,"reading":46,"meaning":47,"level":19},"買いたたき","かいたたき","lowball pricing",{"word":49,"reading":50,"meaning":51,"level":52},"返品","へんぴん","returns","N2",{"word":54,"reading":55,"meaning":56,"level":19},"公正取引委員会","こうせいとりひきいいんかい","Japan Fair Trade Commission",{"word":58,"reading":59,"meaning":60,"level":19},"中小企業庁","ちゅうしょうきぎょうちょう","Small and Medium Enterprise Agency",{"word":62,"reading":63,"meaning":64,"level":52},"命令","めいれい","order",{"word":66,"reading":67,"meaning":68,"level":19},"勧告","かんこく","recommendation",{"word":70,"reading":71,"meaning":72,"level":19},"自営業","じえいぎょう","self-employed",{"word":74,"reading":75,"meaning":76,"level":19},"役務","えきむ","services","law-harassment-freelance-quiz","\n::heading\n[フリーランス]{ふりーらんす:freelancer}[保護法]{ほごほう:protection act:N1}とは\n\n#en\nWhat is the Freelancer Protection Act?\n::\n\n::para\n[フリーランス]{ふりーらんす:freelancer}[保護法]{ほごほう:protection act:N1}（[正式]{せいしき:official:N3}[名称]{めいしょう:name:N1}「[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[受託]{じゅたく:contracted:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}に[係る]{かかる:concerning:N3}[取引]{とりひき:transactions:N3}の[適正化]{てきせいか:fair-trade promotion:N3}[等]{とう:etc.:N3}に[関する]{かんする:regarding:N3}[法律]{ほうりつ:law:N2}」、[略称]{りゃくしょう:abbreviation:N1}「[フリーランス]{ふりーらんす:freelancer}・[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}[間]{かん:between:N5}[取引]{とりひき:transaction:N3}[適正化]{てきせいか:fair-trade promotion:N3}[等]{とう:etc.:N3}[法]{ほう:act:N3}」）は2023[年]{ねん:year:N5}5[月]{がつ:month:N5}に[公布]{こうふ:promulgated:N2}され、2024[年]{ねん:year:N5}11[月]{がつ:month:N5}1[日]{にち:day:N5}から[施行]{しこう:effective:N1}された[新しい]{あたらしい:new:N4}[法律]{ほうりつ:law:N2}です。[従来]{じゅうらい:previously:N1}[フリーランス]{ふりーらんす:freelancer}（[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[事業主]{じぎょうぬし:business owner:N4}）は[労働基準法]{ろうどうきじゅんほう:Labor Standards Act:N1}の[保護]{ほご:protection:N1}を[受けず]{うけず:not receive:N3}、[下請法]{したうけほう:Subcontract Act:N1}も[資本金]{しほんきん:capital:N3}[要件]{ようけん:requirement:N3}があるため[適用]{てきよう:application:N3}[対象外]{たいしょうがい:outside scope:N2}になることが[多く]{おおく:often:N4}、[保護]{ほご:protection:N1}の[空白]{くうはく:gap:N4}が[問題]{もんだい:problem:N4}となっていました。[本法]{ほんぽう:this law:N3}は[この]{この:this}[空白]{くうはく:gap:N4}を[埋める]{うめる:fill:N2}ものです。\n\n#en\nThe Freelancer Protection Act (formal name: \"Act on Promoting Fairness, etc., in Transactions Concerning Specific Contracted Business Operators\"; commonly called the \"Freelancer-Business Transaction Fairness Act\") was promulgated in May 2023 and became effective on November 1, 2024. Until now, freelancers (sole proprietors) were not protected by the Labor Standards Act, and they often fell outside the scope of the Subcontract Act due to its capital requirement, creating a \"protection gap.\" This new law fills that gap.\n::\n\n::heading\n[適用]{てきよう:application:N3}[対象]{たいしょう:target:N2}：「[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[受託]{じゅたく:contracted:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}」と「[業務]{ぎょうむ:business:N3}[委託]{いたく:commissioning:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}」\n\n#en\nScope of Application: \"Specific Contracted Business Operators\" and \"Business Commissioning Entities\"\n::\n\n::para\n[本法]{ほんぽう:this law:N3}は[二]{に:two:N5}[つ]{つ:types}の[当事者]{とうじしゃ:parties:N3}を[定義]{ていぎ:defines:N1}します。①[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[受託]{じゅたく:contracted:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}（[第]{だい:art.:N1}2[条]{じょう:article:N1}[第]{だい:para.:N1}1[項]{こう:paragraph:N1}）：[業務]{ぎょうむ:business:N3}[委託]{いたく:commission:N1}を[受ける]{うける:receive:N3}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}のうち、[従業員]{じゅうぎょういん:employees:N1}を[使用]{しよう:employ:N4}しない[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}または[代表]{だいひょう:representative:N3}1[人]{にん:person:N5}のみで[他]{ほか:other:N3}の[役員]{やくいん:officers:N3}も[従業員]{じゅうぎょういん:employees:N1}も[いない]{いない:none}[法人]{ほうじん:legal entity:N3}。[つまり]{つまり:in other words}「[一人]{ひとり:solo:N5}フリーランス」が[対象]{たいしょう:target:N2}です。②[業務]{ぎょうむ:business:N3}[委託]{いたく:commissioning:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}（[第]{だい:art.:N1}2[条]{じょう:article:N1}[第]{だい:para.:N1}5[項]{こう:paragraph:N1}）：[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[受託]{じゅたく:contracted:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}に[業務]{ぎょうむ:business:N3}を[委託]{いたく:commissioning:N1}する[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}（[企業]{きぎょう:companies:N1}・[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[事業主]{じぎょうぬし:business owners:N4}）。\n\n#en\nThe law defines two parties: (1) Specific contracted business operator (Art. 2 para. 1): An operator receiving business commissions who employs no staff — either an individual, or a legal entity with only one representative officer and no other officers or employees. In other words, \"solo freelancers.\" (2) Business commissioning entity (Art. 2 para. 5): An operator (company or sole proprietor) that commissions business to a specific contracted business operator.\n::\n\n::callout\n[重要]{じゅうよう:important:N3}：[資本金]{しほんきん:capital:N3}[要件]{ようけん:requirement:N3}は[ありません]{ありません:none}。[下請法]{したうけほう:Subcontract Act:N1}と[異なり]{ことなり:unlike:N1}、[発注]{はっちゅう:ordering:N4}[側]{がわ:party:N3}の[企業]{きぎょう:company:N1}[規模]{きぼ:size:N1}を[問わず]{とわず:regardless of:N4}[適用]{てきよう:applies:N3}されます。[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[事業主]{じぎょうぬし:business owner:N4}が[他]{ほか:other:N3}の[フリーランス]{ふりーらんす:freelancer}に[業務]{ぎょうむ:business:N3}を[委託]{いたく:commission:N1}する[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}にも[適用]{てきよう:applies:N3}される[点]{てん:point:N3}に[注意]{ちゅうい:caution:N4}が[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}です。\n\n#en\nImportant: There is NO capital requirement. Unlike the Subcontract Act, this law applies regardless of the ordering company's size. Notably, it also applies when a sole proprietor commissions business to another freelancer.\n::\n\n::heading\n[取引条件]{とりひきじょうけん:transaction conditions:N1}の[書面]{しょめん:written:N3}[明示]{めいじ:disclosure:N3}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}（[第]{だい:art.:N1}3[条]{じょう:article:N1}）\n\n#en\nObligation to Disclose Transaction Conditions in Writing (Article 3)\n::\n\n::para\n[業務]{ぎょうむ:business:N3}[委託]{いたく:commissioning:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}は[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[受託]{じゅたく:contracted:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}に[業務]{ぎょうむ:business:N3}を[委託]{いたく:commission:N1}した[際]{さい:when:N3}に、[直ちに]{ただちに:immediately:N3}[書面]{しょめん:written:N3}または[電磁的]{でんじてき:electromagnetic:N1}[方法]{ほうほう:method:N3}（[メール]{めーる:email}・[チャット]{ちゃっと:chat}・[クラウド]{くらうど:cloud}[サービス]{さーびす:service}など）で[取引条件]{とりひきじょうけん:transaction conditions:N1}を[明示]{めいじ:disclose:N3}しなければなりません（[第]{だい:art.:N1}3[条]{じょう:article:N1}）。[明示]{めいじ:disclose:N3}すべき[事項]{じこう:items:N1}は[政令]{せいれい:cabinet order:N2}で[定められて]{さだめられて:stipulated:N3}おり、[次の]{つぎの:the following:N3}を[含み]{ふくみ:includes:N2}ます：①[業務]{ぎょうむ:work:N3}の[内容]{ないよう:content:N3}、②[報酬]{ほうしゅう:remuneration:N1}の[額]{がく:amount:N2}、③[支払期日]{しはらいきじつ:payment due date:N3}、④[支払方法]{しはらいほうほう:payment method:N3}、⑤[給付]{きゅうふ:delivery:N3}を[受領]{じゅりょう:accept:N2}する[期日]{きじつ:date:N3}、⑥[給付]{きゅうふ:delivery:N3}の[受領]{じゅりょう:acceptance:N2}[場所]{ばしょ:location:N3}など。\n\n#en\nWhen commissioning business to a specific contracted business operator, the business commissioning entity must immediately disclose the transaction conditions in writing or electromagnetically (email, chat, cloud service, etc.) (Art. 3). The disclosure items are stipulated by Cabinet Order and include: (1) Work content; (2) Remuneration amount; (3) Payment due date; (4) Payment method; (5) Date for accepting delivery; (6) Location for accepting delivery, etc.\n::\n\n::heading\n[報酬]{ほうしゅう:remuneration:N1}[支払]{しはらい:payment:N3}[期日]{きじつ:due date:N3}（[第]{だい:art.:N1}4[条]{じょう:article:N1}）\n\n#en\nRemuneration Payment Due Date (Article 4)\n::\n\n::para\n[業務]{ぎょうむ:business:N3}[委託]{いたく:commissioning:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}は、[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[受託]{じゅたく:contracted:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}の[給付]{きゅうふ:delivery:N3}を[受領]{じゅりょう:accepted:N2}した[日]{ひ:day:N5}から[起算]{きさん:counted from:N2}して60[日]{にち:days:N5}[以内]{いない:within:N3}に[報酬]{ほうしゅう:remuneration:N1}を[支払わなければ]{しはらわなければ:must pay:N3}ならない[支払期日]{しはらいきじつ:payment due date:N3}を[定める]{さだめる:establish:N3}[必要]{ひつよう:need:N3}があります（[第]{だい:art.:N1}4[条]{じょう:article:N1}）。これは[下請法]{したうけほう:Subcontract Act:N1}と[同様]{どうよう:similar:N3}の[規制]{きせい:regulation:N3}です。「[受領]{じゅりょう:acceptance:N2}した[日]{ひ:day:N5}」が[起算日]{きさんび:starting date:N2}であり、「[請求書]{せいきゅうしょ:invoice:N1}を[受け取った]{うけとった:received:N3}[日]{ひ:day:N5}」ではない[点]{てん:point:N3}に[注意]{ちゅうい:caution:N4}が[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}です。「[検収]{けんしゅう:acceptance inspection:N1}」を[名目]{めいもく:nominally:N4}に[支払]{しはらい:payment:N3}を[遅らせる]{おくらせる:delay:N3}ことは[許されません]{ゆるされません:not permitted:N3}。\n\n#en\nThe business commissioning entity must establish a payment due date and pay remuneration within 60 days, counted from the date the delivery from the specific contracted business operator was accepted (Art. 4). This mirrors the Subcontract Act's regulation. Note that the starting date is \"the day delivery was accepted,\" NOT \"the day the invoice was received.\" Delaying payment under the pretext of \"acceptance inspection\" is not permitted.\n::\n\n::heading\n[禁止]{きんし:prohibited:N2}[行為]{こうい:acts:N1}（[第]{だい:art.:N1}5[条]{じょう:article:N1}）\n\n#en\nProhibited Acts (Article 5)\n::\n\n::para\n[一定]{いってい:certain:N3}[期間]{きかん:period:N3}（1か[月]{げつ:month:N5}[以上]{いじょう:or more:N4}）[継続]{けいぞく:continuous:N1}して[業務]{ぎょうむ:business:N3}[委託]{いたく:commission:N1}する[業務]{ぎょうむ:business:N3}[委託]{いたく:commissioning:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}には[第]{だい:art.:N1}5[条]{じょう:article:N1}が[適用]{てきよう:applies:N3}され、[次の]{つぎの:the following:N3}7つの[行為]{こうい:acts:N1}が[禁止]{きんし:prohibited:N2}されます。①[受領]{じゅりょう:acceptance:N2}[拒否]{きょひ:refusal:N1}（[第]{だい:art.:N1}5[条]{じょう:article:N1}[第]{だい:para.:N1}1[項]{こう:paragraph:N1}[第]{だい:item:N1}1[号]{ごう:number:N3}）：[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[受託]{じゅたく:contracted:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}の[責]{せき:fault:N3}に[帰すべき]{きすべき:attributable to:N4}[事由]{じゆう:reason:N3}が[ない]{ない:without}のに[給付]{きゅうふ:delivery:N3}の[受領]{じゅりょう:acceptance:N2}を[拒む]{こばむ:refuse:N1}こと。②[報酬]{ほうしゅう:remuneration:N1}の[減額]{げんがく:reduction:N2}（[第]{だい:item:N1}2[号]{ごう:number:N3}）：[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[受託]{じゅたく:contracted:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}の[責]{せき:fault:N3}に[帰すべき]{きすべき:attributable to:N4}[事由]{じゆう:reason:N3}が[ない]{ない:without}のに[報酬]{ほうしゅう:remuneration:N1}の[額]{がく:amount:N2}を[減らす]{へらす:reduce:N2}こと。③[返品]{へんぴん:return of goods:N3}（[第]{だい:item:N1}3[号]{ごう:number:N3}）：[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[受託]{じゅたく:contracted:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}の[責]{せき:fault:N3}に[帰すべき]{きすべき:attributable to:N4}[事由]{じゆう:reason:N3}が[ない]{ない:without}のに[受領]{じゅりょう:accepted:N2}した[物]{もの:goods:N4}を[返す]{かえす:return:N3}こと。\n\n#en\nArticle 5 applies to business commissioning entities that commission work continuously for a certain period (1 month or more), and prohibits the following seven acts. (1) Refusal to accept delivery (Art. 5 para. 1 item 1): Refusing to accept delivery without a reason attributable to the specific contracted business operator. (2) Payment reduction (item 2): Reducing the remuneration amount without a reason attributable to the specific contracted business operator. (3) Returns (item 3): Returning accepted goods without a reason attributable to the specific contracted business operator.\n::\n\n::para\n④[買いたたき]{かいたたき:lowball pricing:N4}（[第]{だい:item:N1}4[号]{ごう:number:N3}）：[通常]{つうじょう:normal:N3}[支払われる]{しはらわれる:paid:N3}[対価]{たいか:consideration:N1}に[比べ]{くらべ:compared to:N2}[著しく]{いちじるしく:remarkably:N2}[低い]{ひくい:low:N2}[報酬]{ほうしゅう:remuneration:N1}の[額]{がく:amount:N2}を[不当]{ふとう:unfairly:N3}に[定める]{さだめる:set:N3}こと。⑤[購入]{こうにゅう:purchase:N1}・[利用]{りよう:use:N3}[強制]{きょうせい:forcing:N3}（[第]{だい:item:N1}5[号]{ごう:number:N3}）：[業務]{ぎょうむ:business:N3}[委託]{いたく:commission:N1}した[ものに]{ものに:thing}[関連]{かんれん:related:N3}して[自己]{じこ:its own:N1}の[指定]{してい:designated:N3}する[物]{もの:goods:N4}・[役務]{えきむ:services:N3}を[強制]{きょうせい:force:N3}して[購入]{こうにゅう:purchase:N1}・[利用]{りよう:use:N3}させること。⑥[不当]{ふとう:unjust:N3}な[経済]{けいざい:economic:N3}[利益]{りえき:benefit:N1}の[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}[要請]{ようせい:demand:N1}（[第]{だい:item:N1}6[号]{ごう:number:N3}）：[自己]{じこ:its own:N1}のために[金銭]{きんせん:money:N1}・[役務]{えきむ:services:N3}など[経済]{けいざい:economic:N3}[利益]{りえき:benefit:N1}を[提供]{ていきょう:provide:N1}させること。⑦[不当]{ふとう:unjust:N3}な[給付]{きゅうふ:delivery:N3}[内容]{ないよう:content:N3}の[変更]{へんこう:change:N3}・[やり直し]{やりなおし:redo:N3}（[第]{だい:item:N1}7[号]{ごう:number:N3}）：[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[受託]{じゅたく:contracted:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}の[責]{せき:fault:N3}に[帰すべき]{きすべき:attributable to:N4}[事由]{じゆう:reason:N3}が[ない]{ない:without}のに[給付]{きゅうふ:delivery:N3}の[内容]{ないよう:content:N3}を[変更]{へんこう:change:N3}させ、または[受領]{じゅりょう:accepted:N2}した[後]{あと:after:N5}に[給付]{きゅうふ:delivery:N3}を[やり直さ]{やりなおさ:redo:N3}せること。\n\n#en\n(4) Lowball pricing (item 4): Unfairly setting a remuneration amount remarkably lower than what is normally paid. (5) Forced purchase\u002Fuse (item 5): Forcing the freelancer to purchase or use designated goods\u002Fservices in connection with the commissioned work. (6) Demanding provision of unjust economic benefits (item 6): Causing the freelancer to provide money, services, or other economic benefits for the entity's own benefit. (7) Unjust changes or redos of delivery content (item 7): Changing the delivery content or making the freelancer redo accepted delivery without a reason attributable to the specific contracted business operator.\n::\n\n::callout\n[下請法]{したうけほう:Subcontract Act:N1}との[違い]{ちがい:difference:N3}：[禁止]{きんし:prohibited:N2}[行為]{こうい:acts:N1}の[内容]{ないよう:content:N3}は[下請法]{したうけほう:Subcontract Act:N1}と[ほぼ]{ほぼ:nearly}[同じ]{おなじ:same:N4}ですが、[フリーランス]{ふりーらんす:freelancer}[保護法]{ほごほう:protection act:N1}は「1か[月]{げつ:month:N5}[以上]{いじょう:or more:N4}の[継続]{けいぞく:continuous:N1}[取引]{とりひき:transaction:N3}」が[要件]{ようけん:requirement:N3}になります。[単発]{たんぱつ:one-off:N3}の[業務]{ぎょうむ:work:N3}[委託]{いたく:commission:N1}の[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}は[第]{だい:art.:N1}3[条]{じょう:article:N1}（[書面]{しょめん:written:N3}[明示]{めいじ:disclosure:N3}）と[第]{だい:art.:N1}4[条]{じょう:article:N1}（[支払期日]{しはらいきじつ:payment due date:N3}）のみが[適用]{てきよう:applies:N3}されます。\n\n#en\nDifference from the Subcontract Act: The content of prohibited acts is nearly identical to the Subcontract Act, but the Freelancer Protection Act requires \"continuous transactions of 1 month or more.\" For one-off business commissions, only Article 3 (written disclosure) and Article 4 (payment due date) apply.\n::\n\n::heading\n[就業]{しゅうぎょう:work:N1}[環境]{かんきょう:environment:N1}[整備]{せいび:development:N1}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}（[第]{だい:art.:N1}12[条]{じょう:article:N1}〜[第]{だい:art.:N1}14[条]{じょう:article:N1}）\n\n#en\nObligation to Develop a Work Environment (Articles 12-14)\n::\n\n::para\n[本法]{ほんぽう:this law:N3}は[取引]{とりひき:transaction:N3}[条件]{じょうけん:conditions:N1}の[適正化]{てきせいか:fair-trade promotion:N3}に[加え]{くわえ:in addition:N3}、[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[受託]{じゅたく:contracted:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}の[就業]{しゅうぎょう:work:N1}[環境]{かんきょう:environment:N1}[整備]{せいび:development:N1}についても[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}を[課して]{かして:imposes:N2}います。①[募集]{ぼしゅう:recruitment:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}の[正確]{せいかく:accurate:N3}[表示]{ひょうじ:display:N3}（[第]{だい:art.:N1}12[条]{じょう:article:N1}）：[広告]{こうこく:advertising:N3}[等]{とう:etc.:N3}で[募集]{ぼしゅう:recruit:N2}する[際]{さい:when:N3}に[虚偽]{きょぎ:false:N1}・[誤解]{ごかい:misleading:N3}を[招く]{まねく:invite:N3}[表示]{ひょうじ:display:N3}を[禁止]{きんし:prohibits:N2}。②[育児]{いくじ:childcare:N2}[介護]{かいご:nursing care:N1}[等]{とう:etc.:N3}と[業務]{ぎょうむ:work:N3}の[両立]{りょうりつ:balance:N3}に[対する]{たいする:towards:N3}[配慮]{はいりょ:consideration:N1}（[第]{だい:art.:N1}13[条]{じょう:article:N1}）：6か[月]{げつ:months:N5}[以上]{いじょう:or more:N4}の[継続]{けいぞく:continuous:N1}[業務]{ぎょうむ:business:N3}[委託]{いたく:commission:N1}を[する]{する:do}[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}、[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[受託]{じゅたく:contracted:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}が[育児]{いくじ:childcare:N2}・[介護]{かいご:nursing care:N1}と[両立]{りょうりつ:balance:N3}できるよう[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}な[配慮]{はいりょ:consideration:N1}を[行う]{おこなう:perform:N5}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}。\n\n#en\nIn addition to fair-trade promotion, the law also imposes obligations regarding the work environment of specific contracted business operators. (1) Accurate display of recruitment information (Art. 12): When recruiting via advertisements, etc., false or misleading displays are prohibited. (2) Consideration for balancing work with childcare\u002Fnursing care (Art. 13): For continuous business commissions of 6 months or more, the entity has the obligation to provide necessary consideration to allow the specific contracted business operator to balance work with childcare and nursing care.\n::\n\n::para\n③[ハラスメント]{はらすめんと:harassment}に[係る]{かかる:related to:N3}[相談]{そうだん:consultation:N3}[対応]{たいおう:response:N1}[体制]{たいせい:framework:N3}の[整備]{せいび:development:N1}[等]{とう:etc.:N3}（[第]{だい:art.:N1}14[条]{じょう:article:N1}）：[業務]{ぎょうむ:business:N3}[委託]{いたく:commissioning:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}は[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[受託]{じゅたく:contracted:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}に[対する]{たいする:against:N3}[ハラスメント]{はらすめんと:harassment}（[セクハラ]{せくはら:sexual harassment}・[マタハラ]{まではら:maternity harassment}・[パワハラ]{ぱわはら:power harassment}）について[相談]{そうだん:consultation:N3}に[応じ]{おうじ:respond to:N1}、[適切]{てきせつ:appropriate:N3}に[対応]{たいおう:address:N1}するために[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}な[体制]{たいせい:framework:N3}の[整備]{せいび:development:N1}を[行う]{おこなう:perform:N5}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}があります。これは[従来]{じゅうらい:previously:N1}[従業員]{じゅうぎょういん:employees:N1}に[限定]{げんてい:limited:N3}されていた[ハラスメント]{はらすめんと:harassment}[防止]{ぼうし:prevention:N2}[措置義務]{そちぎむ:duty to take measures:N1}を[フリーランス]{ふりーらんす:freelancer}にも[拡大]{かくだい:extended:N1}する[画期的]{かっきてき:groundbreaking:N3}な[内容]{ないよう:content:N3}です。\n\n#en\n(3) Establishment of a framework for harassment-related consultation response, etc. (Art. 14): The business commissioning entity has the obligation to develop a framework for receiving and appropriately responding to consultations regarding harassment (sexual, maternity, power) against the specific contracted business operator. This is groundbreaking content that extends the harassment-prevention duty to take measures — previously limited to employees — to freelancers as well.\n::\n\n::heading\n[中途解除]{ちゅうとかいじょ:mid-term termination:N3}の[予告]{よこく:advance notice:N3}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}（[第]{だい:art.:N1}16[条]{じょう:article:N1}）\n\n#en\nObligation of Advance Notice for Mid-Term Termination (Article 16)\n::\n\n::para\n6か[月]{げつ:months:N5}[以上]{いじょう:or more:N4}の[継続]{けいぞく:continuous:N1}[業務]{ぎょうむ:business:N3}[委託]{いたく:commission:N1}を[中途解除]{ちゅうとかいじょ:mid-term termination:N3}する[または]{または:or}[更新]{こうしん:renewal:N3}しない[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}、[業務]{ぎょうむ:business:N3}[委託]{いたく:commissioning:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}は[原則]{げんそく:in principle:N2}[少なくとも]{すくなくとも:at least:N4}30[日]{にち:days:N5}[前]{まえ:before:N5}までに[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[受託]{じゅたく:contracted:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}に[予告]{よこく:advance notice:N3}しなければなりません（[第]{だい:art.:N1}16[条]{じょう:article:N1}）。これは[労働基準法]{ろうどうきじゅんほう:Labor Standards Act:N1}[第]{だい:art.:N1}20[条]{じょう:article:N1}の[解雇]{かいこ:dismissal:N2}[予告]{よこく:advance notice:N3}（30[日]{にち:days:N5}[前]{まえ:before:N5}）と[同等]{どうとう:equivalent:N3}の[期間]{きかん:period:N3}であり、[フリーランス]{ふりーらんす:freelancer}の[突然]{とつぜん:sudden:N3}の[契約]{けいやく:contract:N1}[打切り]{うちきり:termination:N3}による[生活]{せいかつ:livelihood:N3}[破綻]{はたん:collapse:N1}を[防ぐ]{ふせぐ:prevent:N2}ことが[目的]{もくてき:purpose:N4}です。\n\n#en\nWhen mid-term terminating or not renewing a continuous business commission of 6 months or more, the business commissioning entity must, in principle, give advance notice to the specific contracted business operator at least 30 days in advance (Art. 16). This is the same period as the dismissal advance notice under Labor Standards Act Article 20 (30 days), and the purpose is to prevent freelancer livelihood collapse from sudden contract termination.\n::\n\n::heading\n[執行]{しっこう:enforcement:N1}[体制]{たいせい:framework:N3}：[公正取引委員会]{こうせいとりひきいいんかい:Japan Fair Trade Commission:N2}と[厚生労働大臣]{こうせいろうどうだいじん:Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare:N2}\n\n#en\nEnforcement Framework: The Japan Fair Trade Commission and the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare\n::\n\n::para\n[本法]{ほんぽう:this law:N3}は[二]{に:two:N5}つの[行政]{ぎょうせい:administrative:N3}[機関]{きかん:agencies:N3}が[執行]{しっこう:enforce:N1}する[二]{に:dual:N5}[省庁]{しょうちょう:ministry:N2}[体制]{たいせい:system:N3}を[採用]{さいよう:adopts:N2}しています。①[取引]{とりひき:transaction:N3}[適正化]{てきせいか:fair-trade promotion:N3}（[第]{だい:art.:N1}3[条]{じょう:article:N1}〜[第]{だい:art.:N1}5[条]{じょう:article:N1}）：[公正取引委員会]{こうせいとりひきいいんかい:Japan Fair Trade Commission:N2}が[管轄]{かんかつ:jurisdiction:N1}し、[中小企業庁]{ちゅうしょうきぎょうちょう:Small and Medium Enterprise Agency:N1}も[共同]{きょうどう:jointly:N3}で[執行]{しっこう:enforces:N1}。②[就業]{しゅうぎょう:work:N1}[環境]{かんきょう:environment:N1}[整備]{せいび:development:N1}（[第]{だい:art.:N1}12[条]{じょう:article:N1}〜[第]{だい:art.:N1}16[条]{じょう:article:N1}）：[厚生労働大臣]{こうせいろうどうだいじん:Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare:N2}が[管轄]{かんかつ:jurisdiction:N1}。[両者]{りょうしゃ:both:N3}とも[報告]{ほうこく:report:N3}[徴収]{ちょうしゅう:collection:N1}・[立入]{たちいり:on-site:N4}[検査]{けんさ:inspection:N1}・[指導]{しどう:guidance:N2}・[助言]{じょげん:advice:N3}・[勧告]{かんこく:recommendation:N1}・[命令]{めいれい:order:N2}の[権限]{けんげん:authority:N3}を[持って]{もって:has:N4}います。\n\n#en\nThe law adopts a dual-ministry enforcement framework administered by two agencies. (1) Transaction fairness promotion (Articles 3-5): Under the jurisdiction of the Japan Fair Trade Commission, with joint enforcement by the Small and Medium Enterprise Agency. (2) Work environment development (Articles 12-16): Under the jurisdiction of the Minister of Health, Labour and Welfare. Both have authority over report collection, on-site inspection, guidance, advice, recommendation, and orders.\n::\n\n::heading\n[罰則]{ばっそく:penalties:N1}と[企業名]{きぎょうめい:company name:N1}[公表]{こうひょう:public disclosure:N3}\n\n#en\nPenalties and Public Disclosure of Company Names\n::\n\n::para\n[命令]{めいれい:order:N2}[違反]{いはん:violation:N3}や[検査]{けんさ:inspection:N1}[拒否]{きょひ:refusal:N1}・[妨害]{ぼうがい:obstruction:N1}・[虚偽]{きょぎ:false:N1}[報告]{ほうこく:report:N3}には50[万]{まん:10,000:N5}[円]{えん:yen:N5}[以下]{いか:or less:N4}の[罰金]{ばっきん:fine:N1}が[科せられ]{かせられ:imposed:N3}ます（[第]{だい:art.:N1}24[条]{じょう:article:N1}〜[第]{だい:art.:N1}25[条]{じょう:article:N1}）。[両罰規定]{りょうばつきてい:dual-penalty provision:N1}により、[法人]{ほうじん:legal entity:N3}と[行為者]{こういしゃ:actor:N1}の[両方]{りょうほう:both:N3}が[処罰]{しょばつ:punishment:N1}の[対象]{たいしょう:target:N2}になります（[第]{だい:art.:N1}26[条]{じょう:article:N1}）。さらに[勧告]{かんこく:recommendation:N1}に[従わない]{したがわない:does not comply with:N1}[企業]{きぎょう:company:N1}は[企業名]{きぎょうめい:company name:N1}・[違反]{いはん:violation:N3}[行為]{こうい:acts:N1}の[公表]{こうひょう:public disclosure:N3}も[行われ]{おこなわれ:performed:N5}（[第]{だい:art.:N1}8[条]{じょう:article:N1}・[第]{だい:art.:N1}18[条]{じょう:article:N1}）、[実質]{じっしつ:substantive:N3}的に[企業]{きぎょう:companies:N1}の[評判]{ひょうばん:reputation:N1}に[大きな]{おおきな:significant:N5}[ダメージ]{だめーじ:damage}を[与え]{あたえ:gives:N3}ます。\n\n#en\nViolations of orders, refusal\u002Fobstruction of inspections, or false reports carry a fine of up to 500,000 yen (Articles 24-25). Under the dual-penalty provision, both the legal entity and the individual actor are subject to punishment (Art. 26). Further, companies that do not comply with recommendations have their company name and violations publicly disclosed (Articles 8 and 18), substantively causing significant damage to corporate reputation.\n::\n\n::heading\n[他]{ほか:other:N3}の[法律]{ほうりつ:laws:N2}との[関係]{かんけい:relationship:N3}\n\n#en\nRelationship with Other Laws\n::\n\n::para\n[フリーランス]{ふりーらんす:freelancer}[保護法]{ほごほう:protection act:N1}は[既存]{きそん:existing:N1}の[他]{ほか:other:N3}[法律]{ほうりつ:laws:N2}と[補完的]{ほかんてき:complementarily:N2}に[機能]{きのう:functions:N3}します。①[下請法]{したうけほう:Subcontract Act:N1}との[関係]{かんけい:relationship:N3}：[両法]{りょうほう:both laws:N3}とも[適用]{てきよう:applies:N3}される[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}、[原則]{げんそく:in principle:N2}として[フリーランス]{ふりーらんす:freelancer}[保護法]{ほごほう:protection act:N1}が[優先]{ゆうせん:takes precedence:N3}[適用]{てきよう:application:N3}されます（[特別法]{とくべつほう:special law:N3}[優先]{ゆうせん:precedence:N3}）。②[独占禁止法]{どくせんきんしほう:Antimonopoly Act:N1}との[関係]{かんけい:relationship:N3}：[優越]{ゆうえつ:superior:N3}[的]{てき:position:N4}[地位]{ちい:position:N3}の[濫用]{らんよう:abuse:N1}（[第]{だい:art.:N1}2[条]{じょう:article:N1}[第]{だい:para.:N1}9[項]{こう:paragraph:N1}[第]{だい:item:N1}5[号]{ごう:number:N3}）として[独占禁止法]{どくせんきんしほう:Antimonopoly Act:N1}も[並行]{へいこう:parallel:N2}して[適用]{てきよう:applies:N3}され[得ます]{えます:can:N3}。③[偽装請負]{ぎそううけおい:disguised contracting:N1}の[問題]{もんだい:issue:N4}：[実態]{じったい:actual condition:N1}が[労働者]{ろうどうしゃ:worker:N3}に[該当]{がいとう:fall under:N1}する[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}は[フリーランス]{ふりーらんす:freelancer}[保護法]{ほごほう:protection act:N1}ではなく[労働基準法]{ろうどうきじゅんほう:Labor Standards Act:N1}が[適用]{てきよう:applies:N3}されます。\n\n#en\nThe Freelancer Protection Act functions complementarily with existing laws. (1) Relationship with the Subcontract Act: When both laws apply, the Freelancer Protection Act in principle takes precedence (special-law priority). (2) Relationship with the Antimonopoly Act: As \"abuse of superior position\" (Art. 2 para. 9 item 5), the Antimonopoly Act may also apply in parallel. (3) Disguised contracting: When the actual conditions classify the person as a worker, the Labor Standards Act applies — not the Freelancer Protection Act.\n::\n\n::heading\n[企業]{きぎょう:companies:N1}の[実務]{じつむ:practical:N3}[対応]{たいおう:response:N1}[ポイント]{ぽいんと:points}\n\n#en\nPractical Response Points for Companies\n::\n\n::para\n[本法]{ほんぽう:this law:N3}に[対応]{たいおう:respond:N1}するため、[企業]{きぎょう:companies:N1}は[次の]{つぎの:the following:N3}[点]{てん:points:N3}を[整備]{せいび:develop:N1}する[必要]{ひつよう:need:N3}があります。①[業務]{ぎょうむ:business:N3}[委託]{いたく:commission:N1}[契約]{けいやく:contract:N1}[テンプレート]{てんぷれーと:template}の[見直し]{みなおし:review:N3}（[第]{だい:art.:N1}3[条]{じょう:article:N1}[明示]{めいじ:disclosure:N3}[事項]{じこう:items:N1}を[網羅]{もうら:cover:N1}）、②[支払]{しはらい:payment:N3}[サイクル]{さいくる:cycle}の[確認]{かくにん:check:N3}（[受領]{じゅりょう:acceptance:N2}から60[日]{にち:days:N5}[以内]{いない:within:N3}に[支払い]{しはらい:pay:N3}できる[体制]{たいせい:framework:N3}）、③[フリーランス]{ふりーらんす:freelancer}[向け]{むけ:targeted:N3}の[ハラスメント]{はらすめんと:harassment}[相談窓口]{そうだんまどぐち:relief desk:N3}の[設置]{せっち:establishment:N2}、④6か[月]{げつ:months:N5}[以上]{いじょう:or more:N4}[継続]{けいぞく:continuous:N1}[取引]{とりひき:transaction:N3}の[フリーランス]{ふりーらんす:freelancer}[一覧]{いちらん:list:N1}の[作成]{さくせい:creation:N3}（[育介]{いくかい:childcare\u002Fcare:N2}[配慮]{はいりょ:consideration:N1}・30[日]{にち:days:N5}[前]{まえ:before:N5}[予告]{よこく:advance notice:N3}[対象]{たいしょう:target:N2}を[管理]{かんり:manage:N2}）、⑤[社内]{しゃない:in-house:N3}[研修]{けんしゅう:training:N1}（[発注]{はっちゅう:ordering:N4}[担当者]{たんとうしゃ:officers:N2}・[管理職]{かんりしょく:managers:N2}を[対象]{たいしょう:target:N2}）。\n\n#en\nTo respond to this law, companies must develop the following: (1) Review of business commission contract templates (covering Article 3 disclosure items); (2) Check of payment cycles (framework allowing payment within 60 days of acceptance); (3) Establishment of a harassment relief desk targeted at freelancers; (4) Creation of a list of freelancers in continuous transactions of 6 months or more (managing those targeted for childcare\u002Fcare consideration and 30-day advance notice); (5) In-house training (targeting ordering officers and managers).\n::\n\n::callout\n[試験対策]{しけんたいさく:exam preparation:N1}まとめ：①[正式]{せいしき:official:N3}[名称]{めいしょう:name:N1}＝[特定受託事業者に係る取引の適正化等に関する法律]{とくていじゅたくじぎょうしゃにかかるとりひきのてきせいかとうにかんするほうりつ:Act on Promoting Fairness in Transactions Concerning Specific Contracted Business Operators:N1}、2024[年]{ねん:year:N5}11[月]{がつ:month:N5}1[日]{にち:day:N5}[施行]{しこう:effective:N1}。②[対象]{たいしょう:target:N2}＝[従業員]{じゅうぎょういん:employees:N1}を[使用]{しよう:employ:N4}しない[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[受託]{じゅたく:contracted:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}＋[業務]{ぎょうむ:business:N3}[委託]{いたく:commissioning:N1}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}（[資本金]{しほんきん:capital:N3}[要件]{ようけん:requirement:N3}[なし]{なし:none}）。③[第]{だい:art.:N1}3[条]{じょう:article:N1}＝[書面]{しょめん:written:N3}\u002F[電磁的]{でんじてき:electromagnetic:N1}[明示]{めいじ:disclosure:N3}（[業務]{ぎょうむ:work:N3}[内容]{ないよう:content:N3}・[報酬]{ほうしゅう:remuneration:N1}・[支払]{しはらい:payment:N3}[期日]{きじつ:date:N3}など）。④[第]{だい:art.:N1}4[条]{じょう:article:N1}＝[受領]{じゅりょう:acceptance:N2}から60[日]{にち:days:N5}[以内]{いない:within:N3}[支払]{しはらい:payment:N3}。⑤[第]{だい:art.:N1}5[条]{じょう:article:N1}＝7つの[禁止]{きんし:prohibited:N2}[行為]{こうい:acts:N1}（[受領]{じゅりょう:acceptance:N2}[拒否]{きょひ:refusal:N1}・[減額]{げんがく:reduction:N2}・[返品]{へんぴん:returns:N3}・[買いたたき]{かいたたき:lowball:N4}・[購入]{こうにゅう:purchase:N1}[強制]{きょうせい:forcing:N3}・[利益]{りえき:benefit:N1}[要請]{ようせい:demand:N1}・[やり直し]{やりなおし:redo:N3}）、1か[月]{げつ:month:N5}[以上]{いじょう:or more:N4}[継続]{けいぞく:continuous:N1}[取引]{とりひき:transaction:N3}が[要件]{ようけん:requirement:N3}。⑥[第]{だい:art.:N1}13[条]{じょう:article:N1}・[第]{だい:art.:N1}14[条]{じょう:article:N1}・[第]{だい:art.:N1}16[条]{じょう:article:N1}＝6か[月]{げつ:months:N5}[以上]{いじょう:or more:N4}[継続]{continuous::N1}は[育介]{いくかい:childcare\u002Fcare:N2}[配慮]{はいりょ:consideration:N1}＋[ハラスメント]{はらすめんと:harassment}[体制]{たいせい:framework:N3}＋30[日]{にち:days:N5}[前]{まえ:before:N5}[解除]{かいじょ:termination:N3}[予告]{よこく:notice:N3}。⑦[執行]{しっこう:enforcement:N1}＝[公正取引委員会]{こうせいとりひきいいんかい:JFTC:N2}＋[厚生労働大臣]{こうせいろうどうだいじん:MHLW Minister:N2}、[罰金]{ばっきん:fine:N1}50[万]{まん:10,000:N5}[円]{えん:yen:N5}[以下]{いか:or less:N4}＋[企業名]{きぎょうめい:company name:N1}[公表]{こうひょう:public disclosure:N3}。\n\n#en\nEXAM SUMMARY: (1) Official name = Act on Promoting Fairness in Transactions Concerning Specific Contracted Business Operators; effective November 1, 2024. (2) Targets = specific contracted business operators (no employees) + business commissioning entities (NO capital requirement). (3) Art. 3 = written\u002Felectromagnetic disclosure (work content, remuneration, payment date, etc.). (4) Art. 4 = payment within 60 days of acceptance. (5) Art. 5 = 7 prohibited acts (refusal, reduction, returns, lowball pricing, forced purchase, benefit demands, redo); requires continuous transactions of 1+ month. (6) Articles 13\u002F14\u002F16 = continuous transactions of 6+ months trigger childcare\u002Fcare consideration + harassment framework + 30-day termination notice. (7) Enforcement = JFTC + MHLW Minister; fine ≤500,000 yen + public disclosure of company names.\n::\n",{"id":77,"title":80,"titleEn":81,"topicPath":10,"questions":82},"ハラスメント・フリーランス保護法確認テスト","Harassment and Freelance Protection Act Check Test",[83,111,134,157,181,204],{"id":84,"articleId":85,"question":86,"options":89,"correctLabel":99,"explanation":106,"tags":109},"law-harassment-freelance-quiz-q01","law-harassment",{"en":87,"jp":88},"How many categories of power harassment does the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare define?","[厚生労働省]{こうせいろうどうしょう}が[定義]{ていぎ}するパワハラの[類型]{るいけい}は[いくつ]{:how many}あるとされる？",[90,94,98,102],{"label":91,"jp":92,"en":93},"ア","[3類型]{さんるいけい}","3 categories",{"label":95,"jp":96,"en":97},"イ","[4類型]{よんるいけい}","4 categories",{"label":99,"jp":100,"en":101},"ウ","[6類型]{ろくるいけい}","6 categories",{"label":103,"jp":104,"en":105},"エ","[10類型]{じゅうるいけい}","10 categories",{"en":107,"jp":108},"MHLW presents 6 categories: physical attack, psychological attack, isolation, excessive demands, undermining (insufficient demands), and invasion of privacy.","[厚労省]{こうろうしょう}は[身体的攻撃]{しんたいてきこうげき}・[精神的攻撃]{せいしんてきこうげき}・[人間関係]{にんげんかんけい}からの[切]{き}り[離]{はな}し・[過大要求]{かだいようきゅう}・[過小要求]{かしょうようきゅう}・[個]{こ}の[侵害]{しんがい}の[6類型]{ろくるいけい}を[示]{しめ}しているとされます。",[110],"power-harassment",{"id":112,"articleId":85,"question":113,"options":116,"correctLabel":95,"explanation":129,"tags":132},"law-harassment-freelance-quiz-q02",{"en":114,"jp":115},"What duty does the power-harassment prevention law (in force June 2020) impose on employers?","[2020年6月]{にせんにじゅうねんろくがつ}に[施行]{しこう}された[パワハラ防止法]{ぱわはらぼうしほう}が[事業主]{じぎょうぬし}に[課]{か}した[義務]{ぎむ}は？",[117,120,123,126],{"label":91,"jp":118,"en":119},"[努力義務]{どりょくぎむ}のみ","best-efforts duty only",{"label":95,"jp":121,"en":122},"[措置義務]{そちぎむ}（[相談窓口設置]{そうだんまどぐちせっち}・[防止方針]{ぼうしほうしん}など）","措置義務 (set up consultation desk, prevention policy, etc.)",{"label":99,"jp":124,"en":125},"[罰則]{ばっそく}のみ","penalties only",{"label":103,"jp":127,"en":128},"[補償義務]{ほしょうぎむ}","compensation duty",{"en":130,"jp":131},"Employers are subject to '措置義務' (procedural duties) including establishing a consultation desk, clarifying prevention policy, and preventing recurrence.","[事業主]{じぎょうぬし}には[相談窓口設置]{そうだんまどぐちせっち}・[防止方針明確化]{ぼうしほうしんめいかくか}・[再発防止]{さいはつぼうし}など[「措置義務]{そちぎむ}[」]{}が[課]{か}されたとされます。",[110,133],"employer-duty",{"id":135,"articleId":85,"question":136,"options":139,"correctLabel":95,"explanation":152,"tags":155},"law-harassment-freelance-quiz-q03",{"en":137,"jp":138},"What harassment relates to pregnancy, childbirth, and childcare leave?","[妊娠]{にんしん}・[出産]{しゅっさん}・[育児休業]{いくじきゅうぎょう}に[関連]{かんれん}するハラスメントは？",[140,143,146,149],{"label":91,"jp":141,"en":142},"[セクハラ]{せくはら}","sexual harassment",{"label":95,"jp":144,"en":145},"[マタハラ]{またはら}","maternity harassment",{"label":99,"jp":147,"en":148},"[パワハラ]{ぱわはら}","power harassment",{"label":103,"jp":150,"en":151},"[モラハラ]{もらはら}","moral harassment",{"en":153,"jp":154},"Maternity harassment (mata-hara) refers to disadvantageous treatment or harassment related to pregnancy, childbirth, or childcare leave — prohibited under the EEO Act and Childcare\u002FFamily Care Leave Act.","[マタニティハラスメント]{またにてぃはらすめんと}（[マタハラ]{またはら}）は[妊娠]{にんしん}・[出産]{しゅっさん}・[育休]{いくきゅう}に[関連]{かんれん}した[不利益取扱]{ふりえきとりあつかい:disadvantageous treatment}や[嫌]{いや}がらせを[指]{さ}し、[男女雇用機会均等法]{だんじょこようきかいきんとうほう}・[育児介護休業法]{いくじかいごきゅうぎょうほう}で[禁止]{きんし}されています。",[156],"maternity-harassment",{"id":158,"articleId":6,"question":159,"options":162,"correctLabel":95,"explanation":175,"tags":178},"law-harassment-freelance-quiz-q04",{"en":160,"jp":161},"What payment deadline does the Freelance Protection Act stipulate?","[フリーランス保護法]{ふりらんすほごほう}（[フリーランス・事業者間取引適正化等法]{ふりらんすじぎょうしゃかんとりひきてきせいかとうほう}）が[定]{さだ}める[報酬支払期限]{ほうしゅうしはらいきげん}は？",[163,166,169,172],{"label":91,"jp":164,"en":165},"[役務提供日]{えきむていきょうび}から[30日以内]{さんじゅうにちいない}","within 30 days of service provision",{"label":95,"jp":167,"en":168},"[役務提供日]{えきむていきょうび}から[60日以内]{ろくじゅうにちいない}","within 60 days of service provision",{"label":99,"jp":170,"en":171},"[役務提供日]{えきむていきょうび}から[90日以内]{きゅうじゅうにちいない}","within 90 days of service provision",{"label":103,"jp":173,"en":174},"[期限]{きげん}なし","no deadline",{"en":176,"jp":177},"The Freelance Protection Act (in force November 2024) generally requires payment within 60 days of service provision.","[2024年11月]{にせんにじゅうよねんじゅういちがつ}[施行]{しこう}の[フリーランス保護法]{ふりらんすほごほう}は[原則]{げんそく}として[役務提供日]{えきむていきょうび}から[60日以内]{ろくじゅうにちいない}の[支払]{しはらい}を[義務付]{ぎむづ}けたとされます。",[179,180],"freelance","payment",{"id":182,"articleId":6,"question":183,"options":186,"correctLabel":103,"explanation":199,"tags":202},"law-harassment-freelance-quiz-q05",{"en":184,"jp":185},"Which is NOT a prohibited act under the Freelance Protection Act?","[フリーランス保護法]{ふりらんすほごほう}が[禁止]{きんし}する[行為]{こうい}に[該当]{がいとう}しないものは？",[187,190,193,196],{"label":91,"jp":188,"en":189},"[受領拒否]{じゅりょうきょひ}","refusal to accept work",{"label":95,"jp":191,"en":192},"[報酬減額]{ほうしゅうげんがく}","fee reduction",{"label":99,"jp":194,"en":195},"[一方的発注変更]{いっぽうてきはっちゅうへんこう}","unilateral change of order",{"label":103,"jp":197,"en":198},"[書面]{しょめん}での[条件明示]{じょうけんめいじ}","written specification of conditions",{"en":200,"jp":201},"Written specification of conditions is rather a duty on the orderer; prohibited acts include refusal to accept, fee reduction, returns, lowballing, and forced purchase.","[書面]{しょめん}での[条件明示]{じょうけんめいじ}は[むしろ]{:on the contrary}[発注者]{はっちゅうしゃ}に[義務付]{ぎむづ}けられる[行為]{こうい}とされ、[禁止行為]{きんしこうい}には[受領拒否]{じゅりょうきょひ}・[報酬減額]{ほうしゅうげんがく}・[返品]{へんぴん}・[買]{か}いたたき・[購入強制]{こうにゅうきょうせい}などが[挙]{あ}げられているとされます。",[179,203],"prohibited-acts",{"id":205,"articleId":85,"question":206,"options":209,"correctLabel":91,"explanation":222,"tags":225},"law-harassment-freelance-quiz-q06",{"en":207,"jp":208},"What is the difference between 'quid pro quo' and 'hostile environment' sexual harassment?","[セクハラ]{せくはら}の[「対価型]{たいかがた}[」]{}と[「環境型]{かんきょうがた}[」]{}の[違]{ちが}いは？",[210,213,216,219],{"label":91,"jp":211,"en":212},"[対価型]{たいかがた}は[性的言動]{せいてきげんどう}を[拒]{こば}んだ[結果]{けっか}[不利益]{ふりえき}を[受]{う}ける、[環境型]{かんきょうがた}は[性的言動]{せいてきげんどう}で[就業環境]{しゅうぎょうかんきょう}が[害]{がい}される","Quid pro quo: disadvantage from refusing sexual conduct; environment: work environment harmed by sexual conduct",{"label":95,"jp":214,"en":215},"[対価型]{たいかがた}は[金銭的補償]{きんせんてきほしょう}が[行]{おこな}われる、[環境型]{かんきょうがた}は[行]{おこな}われない","Quid pro quo gets monetary compensation, environment doesn't",{"label":99,"jp":217,"en":218},"[対価型]{たいかがた}は[男性間]{だんせいかん}、[環境型]{かんきょうがた}は[女性間]{じょせいかん}","Quid pro quo male-to-male, environment female-to-female",{"label":103,"jp":220,"en":221},"[両者]{りょうしゃ}に[違]{ちが}いはない","no difference",{"en":223,"jp":224},"Under the EEO Act, quid-pro-quo type means receiving disadvantage based on refusing\u002Faccepting sexual conduct; environment type means the work environment being harmed by sexual conduct.","[男女雇用機会均等法]{だんじょこようきかいきんとうほう}の[定義]{ていぎ}では[「対価型]{たいかがた}[」]{}は[性的言動]{せいてきげんどう}への[拒否]{きょひ}・[応諾]{おうだく}を[理由]{りゆう}に[不利益]{ふりえき}を[受]{う}けるもの、[「環境型]{かんきょうがた}[」]{}は[性的言動]{せいてきげんどう}により[就業環境]{しゅうぎょうかんきょう}が[害]{がい}されるものとされます。",[226],"sexual-harassment"]