[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"news:jp-ldp-retrial-reform-bill-2026-05-15":3},{"meta":4,"markdown":62,"quiz":63},{"type":5,"articleId":6,"slug":7,"title":8,"titleEn":9,"category":10,"summary":11,"publishedAt":12,"image":13,"vocabulary":14,"quizId":61},"news","news-jp-ldp-retrial-reform-bill-2026-05-15","jp-ldp-retrial-reform-bill-2026-05-15","自民党、再審制度改革法案を正式了承 検察の不服申し立てを原則制限へ","LDP Formally Approves Retrial Reform Bill in Japan","jp-politics","Japan's ruling Liberal Democratic Party formally approved a retrial-system reform bill on May 14, 2026. The draft would basically bar prosecutors from appealing court decisions that grant retrials, a change supporters say could shorten relief for people with false convictions. The government is expected to adopt the bill and submit it to parliament during the current Diet session.\n","2026-05-15T00:00:00Z","https:\u002F\u002Fimages.yamiyomi.com\u002Fnews\u002Fjp-ldp-retrial-reform-bill-2026-05-15.png",[15,20,24,28,32,36,40,44,48,53,57],{"word":16,"reading":17,"meaning":18,"level":19},"再審制度","さいしんせいど","retrial system","N1",{"word":21,"reading":22,"meaning":23,"level":19},"改革法案","かいかくほうあん","reform bill",{"word":25,"reading":26,"meaning":27,"level":19},"正式了承","せいしきりょうしょう","formal approval",{"word":29,"reading":30,"meaning":31,"level":19},"刑事訴訟法","けいじそしょうほう","Code of Criminal Procedure",{"word":33,"reading":34,"meaning":35,"level":19},"不服申し立て","ふふくもうしたて","appeal",{"word":37,"reading":38,"meaning":39,"level":19},"誤判","ごはん","wrongful conviction",{"word":41,"reading":42,"meaning":43,"level":19},"救済","きゅうさい","relief",{"word":45,"reading":46,"meaning":47,"level":19},"審議","しんぎ","deliberation",{"word":49,"reading":50,"meaning":51,"level":52},"例外","れいがい","exception","N2",{"word":54,"reading":55,"meaning":56,"level":52},"国会","こっかい","National Diet",{"word":58,"reading":59,"meaning":60,"level":19},"成立","せいりつ","enactment","news-jp-ldp-retrial-reform-bill-2026-05-15-quiz","\n::para\n[自民党]{じみんとう:LDP:N2}は5月14日、[日本]{にほん:Japan:N5}の[再審制度]{さいしんせいど:retrial system:N1}を[見直]{みなお:review:N3}す[改革法案]{かいかくほうあん:reform bill:N1}を[正式了承]{せいしきりょうしょう:formal approval:N2}した。[法案]{ほうあん:bill:N1}は、[裁判所]{さいばんしょ:court:N1}が[再審]{さいしん:retrial:N1}を[認]{みと:grant:N3}めた[判断]{はんだん:decision:N3}に[対]{たい:against:N3}する[検察]{けんさつ:prosecutors:N1}の[不服申し立て]{ふふくもうしたて:appeal:N3}を、[原則]{げんそく:in principle:N2}[禁止]{きんし:ban:N2}する[内容]{ないよう:content:N3}だ。\n\n#en\nJapan's ruling LDP formally approved a bill on May 14 to revise the country's retrial system. The measure would in principle ban prosecutors from appealing court decisions that grant retrials.\n::\n\n::heading\n[何]{なに:what:N5}が[了承]{りょうしょう:approved:N2}されたのか\n\n#en\nWhat Was Approved\n::\n\n::para\n[今回]{こんかい:this time:N3}[了承]{りょうしょう:approval:N2}されたのは、[刑事訴訟法]{けいじそしょうほう:Code of Criminal Procedure:N1}の[改正案]{かいせいあん:revision bill:N1}だと[報]{ほう:report:N3}じられた。[政府案]{せいふあん:government draft:N1}は[自民党]{じみんとう:LDP:N2}の[総務会]{そうむかい:General Council:N2}で[認]{みと:approve:N3}められ、[再審制度]{さいしんせいど:retrial system:N1}の[改革]{かいかく:reform:N2}を[進]{すす:advance:N3}める[節目]{ふしめ:milestone:N1}になった。\n\n#en\nThe approved measure is a draft amendment to the Code of Criminal Procedure. It was endorsed by the LDP's General Council, marking a key step in the effort to reform Japan's retrial system.\n::\n\n::para\n[政府]{せいふ:government:N2}は5月15日の[閣議]{かくぎ:Cabinet meeting:N1}でこの[法案]{ほうあん:bill:N1}を[決定]{けってい:adopt:N3}し、そのあと[国会]{こっかい:National Diet:N4}に[提出]{ていしゅつ:submit:N1}する[方針]{ほうしん:plan:N2}とされた。[今]{いま:current:N5}の[国会]{こっかい:National Diet:N4}は7月17日までで、[会期中]{かいきちゅう:during the session:N3}の[成立]{せいりつ:enactment:N3}を[目指]{めざ:aim for:N3}すとされた。\n\n#en\nThe government was set to adopt the bill at a May 15 cabinet meeting and then submit it to parliament. Officials were aiming to have it enacted during the current Diet session, which runs until July 17.\n::\n\n::heading\n[法案]{ほうあん:bill:N1}の[中身]{なかみ:substance:N4}\n\n#en\nWhat The Bill Would Change\n::\n\n::para\n[報道]{ほうどう:reports:N3}によると、[改正案]{かいせいあん:revision bill:N1}は[再審]{さいしん:retrial:N1}を[始]{はじ:start:N4}める[裁判所]{さいばんしょ:court:N1}の[判断]{はんだん:decision:N3}に[対]{たい:against:N3}する[検察]{けんさつ:prosecutors:N1}の[不服申し立て]{ふふくもうしたて:appeal:N3}を、[十分]{じゅうぶん:sufficient:N5}な[根拠]{こんきょ:grounds:N1}がある[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}を[除]{のぞ:exclude:N3}いて[認]{みと:allow:N3}めない[形]{かたち:form:N3}になるとされる。\n\n#en\nReports said the revision would not allow prosecutors to appeal retrial orders except in cases where there are sufficient grounds to overturn them.\n::\n\n::para\nまた、[検察側]{けんさつがわ:prosecution side:N1}が[例外]{れいがい:exception:N3}として[不服申し立て]{ふふくもうしたて:appeal:N3}をする[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}には、その[理由]{りゆう:reason:N3}を[示]{しめ:show:N3}すことも[求]{もと:require:N3}める[内容]{ないよう:content:N3}だと[伝]{つた:report:N3}えられた。[手続]{てつづ:procedure:N3}の[透明性]{とうめいせい:transparency:N1}を[高]{たか:raise:N5}める[狙]{ねら:aim:N2}いがあると[見]{み:be seen:N5}られる。\n\n#en\nIf prosecutors use that exception, they would also be required to state their reasons. The change is seen as an attempt to make the process more transparent.\n::\n\n::heading\n[議論]{ぎろん:debate:N3}が[強]{つよ:intense:N4}まった[背景]{はいけい:background:N3}\n\n#en\nWhy The Debate Intensified\n::\n\n::para\n[再審]{さいしん:retrial:N1}をめぐる[議論]{ぎろん:debate:N3}は、[誤判]{ごはん:wrongful conviction:N3}の[被害者]{ひがいしゃ:victim:N2}の[救済]{きゅうさい:relief:N1}が[遅]{おく:delay:N3}いという[批判]{ひはん:criticism:N1}から[強]{つよ:grow strong:N4}まった。[検察]{けんさつ:prosecutors:N1}の[不服申し立て]{ふふくもうしたて:appeal:N3}が[長期化]{ちょうきか:prolongation:N3}の[原因]{げんいん:cause:N3}になっていると[指摘]{してき:point out:N1}されてきた。\n\n#en\nDebate over retrials intensified because critics say relief for victims of wrongful convictions takes too long. Prosecutors' appeals have long been blamed for extending the process.\n::\n\n::para\n[象徴的]{しょうちょうてき:symbolic:N1}な[例]{れい:example:N3}としては、[袴田巌]{はかまだいわお:Iwao Hakamata:N1}さんの[事件]{じけん:case:N3}がよく[挙]{あ:be cited:N1}げられる。[袴田]{はかまだ:Hakamata:N1}さんは1966年の[一家]{いっか:family:N4}4[人]{にん:people:N5}[殺害事件]{さつがいじけん:murder case:N3}をめぐって[長年]{ながねん:many years:N5}[争]{あらそ:contest:N3}い、2024年の[再審]{さいしん:retrial:N1}で[無罪]{むざい:not guilty:N3}になった。\n\n#en\nThe case of Iwao Hakamata is often cited as a symbolic example. After fighting for years over a 1966 family murder case, he was acquitted in a retrial in 2024.\n::\n\n::heading\n[与党内]{よとうない:inside the ruling party:N2}の[調整]{ちょうせい:coordination:N1}\n\n#en\nNegotiations Inside The Ruling Party\n::\n\n::para\n[自民党]{じみんとう:LDP:N2}の[事前審査]{じぜんしんさ:preliminary screening:N1}では、[検察]{けんさつ:prosecutors:N1}の[不服申し立て]{ふふくもうしたて:appeal:N3}を[完全]{かんぜん:complete:N3}に[禁]{きん:ban:N2}じるべきだという[意見]{いけん:opinion:N4}も[強]{つよ:strong:N4}く[出]{で:come out:N5}たとされる。[最終的]{さいしゅうてき:final:N3}には、[原則禁止]{げんそくきんし:basic ban:N2}を[法律]{ほうりつ:law:N2}の[本文]{ほんぶん:main text:N4}に[入]{い:place in:N5}れる[形]{かたち:form:N3}で[折]{お:reach:N3}り[合]{あ:agreement:N3}った。\n\n#en\nDuring the LDP's internal review, some lawmakers reportedly pushed for a full ban on prosecutors' appeals. In the end, the party settled on putting a basic ban into the main text of the law.\n::\n\n::para\n[法案]{ほうあん:bill:N1}は[審査中]{しんさちゅう:under review:N1}に3[回]{かい:times:N3}[修正]{しゅうせい:revise:N1}されたと[伝]{つた:report:N3}えられた。それでも、[野党]{やとう:opposition parties:N2}や[支援者]{しえんしゃ:supporters:N1}の[間]{あいだ:among:N5}には、[例外規定]{れいがいきてい:exception clause:N3}が[広]{ひろ:broad:N4}すぎるのではないかという[見方]{みかた:view:N4}もあるとされる。\n\n#en\nThe draft was reportedly revised three times during the review process. Even so, some opposition politicians and supporters are said to worry that the exception clause may still be too broad.\n::\n\n::heading\n[次]{つぎ:next:N3}に[注目]{ちゅうもく:watch:N4}する[点]{てん:point:N3}\n\n#en\nWhat To Watch Next\n::\n\n::para\n[今後]{こんご:going forward:N5}の[焦点]{しょうてん:focal point:N1}は、[国会]{こっかい:National Diet:N4}での[審議]{しんぎ:deliberation:N1}がどこまで[進]{すす:move forward:N3}むかだ。[誤判]{ごはん:wrongful conviction:N3}の[被害者]{ひがいしゃ:victim:N2}をより[早]{はや:quickly:N4}[救済]{きゅうさい:relief:N1}できる[仕組]{しく:mechanism:N3}みになるのか、それとも[例外]{れいがい:exception:N3}の[運用]{うんよう:operation:N4}が[課題]{かだい:issue:N2}として[残]{のこ:remain:N3}るのかが[問]{と:question:N4}われると[見]{み:be seen:N5}られる。\n\n#en\nThe next question is how far deliberations in parliament will go. Observers will be watching whether the bill creates a faster path to relief for victims of wrongful convictions or leaves new issues around how the exception is applied.\n::\n",{"id":61,"title":64,"titleEn":65,"topicPath":5,"questions":66},"自民党、再審制度改革法案を正式了承 検察の不服申し立てを原則制限へ 確認テスト","LDP Retrial Reform Bill Confirmation Quiz",[67,94,116,139,162],{"id":68,"articleId":6,"question":69,"options":72,"correctLabel":74,"explanation":89,"tags":92},"news-jp-ldp-retrial-reform-bill-2026-05-15-quiz-q01",{"en":70,"jp":71},"What kind of bill did the LDP formally approve on May 14?","自民党が5月14日に正式了承したのは何の法案か。",[73,77,81,85],{"label":74,"jp":75,"en":76},"ア","再審制度の改革法案","A retrial-system reform bill",{"label":78,"jp":79,"en":80},"イ","消費税の減税法案","A consumption tax cut bill",{"label":82,"jp":83,"en":84},"ウ","新しい移民法案","A new immigration bill",{"label":86,"jp":87,"en":88},"エ","防衛予算の削減法案","A defense budget cut bill",{"en":90,"jp":91},"The article explains that the LDP formally approved a bill to revise the retrial system.","記事では、自民党が再審制度を見直す改革法案を正式了承したと説明している。",[93],"bill",{"id":95,"articleId":6,"question":96,"options":99,"correctLabel":78,"explanation":111,"tags":114},"news-jp-ldp-retrial-reform-bill-2026-05-15-quiz-q02",{"en":97,"jp":98},"What action by prosecutors against retrial orders would the bill basically ban?","法案は、裁判所が再審を認めた判断に対する検察の何を原則禁止する内容か。",[100,103,105,108],{"label":74,"jp":101,"en":102},"証拠の提出","Submitting evidence",{"label":78,"jp":33,"en":104},"Appealing the decision",{"label":82,"jp":106,"en":107},"記者会見","Holding a press conference",{"label":86,"jp":109,"en":110},"弁護士との面会","Meeting with lawyers",{"en":112,"jp":113},"The article says the measure would in principle ban prosecutors from appealing retrial decisions.","記事は、検察の不服申し立てを原則禁止する内容だと述べている。",[115],"appeals",{"id":117,"articleId":6,"question":118,"options":121,"correctLabel":82,"explanation":134,"tags":137},"news-jp-ldp-retrial-reform-bill-2026-05-15-quiz-q03",{"en":119,"jp":120},"At what meeting was the government expected to adopt the bill before sending it to parliament?","政府はこの法案をいつの会議で決定し、その後に国会へ提出する方針とされたか。",[122,125,128,131],{"label":74,"jp":123,"en":124},"知事会","A governors' meeting",{"label":78,"jp":126,"en":127},"株主総会","A shareholders' meeting",{"label":82,"jp":129,"en":130},"閣議","A cabinet meeting",{"label":86,"jp":132,"en":133},"党大会","A party convention",{"en":135,"jp":136},"The article says the government was expected to adopt the bill at a May 15 cabinet meeting.","記事では、政府は5月15日の閣議で法案を決定するとされた。",[138],"process",{"id":140,"articleId":6,"question":141,"options":144,"correctLabel":78,"explanation":157,"tags":160},"news-jp-ldp-retrial-reform-bill-2026-05-15-quiz-q04",{"en":142,"jp":143},"Who was cited in the article as a symbolic example in the retrial debate?","再審制度の問題を考える上で象徴的な例として記事で挙げられた人は誰か。",[145,148,151,154],{"label":74,"jp":146,"en":147},"大谷翔平さん","Shohei Ohtani",{"label":78,"jp":149,"en":150},"袴田巌さん","Iwao Hakamata",{"label":82,"jp":152,"en":153},"村上春樹さん","Haruki Murakami",{"label":86,"jp":155,"en":156},"宮崎駿さん","Hayao Miyazaki",{"en":158,"jp":159},"The article presents Iwao Hakamata's case as a symbolic example.","記事では、袴田巌さんの事件が象徴的な例として紹介されている。",[161],"background",{"id":163,"articleId":6,"question":164,"options":167,"correctLabel":82,"explanation":180,"tags":183},"news-jp-ldp-retrial-reform-bill-2026-05-15-quiz-q05",{"en":165,"jp":166},"In the final ruling-party compromise, what was put into the main text of the law?","与党内の最終的な調整では、何を法律の本文に入れる形で折り合ったとされるか。",[168,171,174,177],{"label":74,"jp":169,"en":170},"完全な死刑廃止","A complete abolition of the death penalty",{"label":78,"jp":172,"en":173},"裁判員制度の停止","A suspension of the lay judge system",{"label":82,"jp":175,"en":176},"原則禁止","A basic ban",{"label":86,"jp":178,"en":179},"国民投票の実施","A national referendum",{"en":181,"jp":182},"The article says the compromise was to place a basic ban on prosecutors' appeals in the main text of the law.","記事は、検察の不服申し立てに対する原則禁止を法律の本文に入れる形で折り合ったと述べている。",[184],"compromise"]