[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"article:kjh-k1-h11-my-number-sousoku":3},{"meta":4,"markdown":226,"quiz":227},{"type":5,"articleId":6,"slug":6,"title":7,"titleEn":8,"category":9,"order":10,"seriesLabel":11,"summary":12,"publishedAt":13,"image":14,"tags":15,"vocabulary":19,"quizId":222,"source":223},"article","kjh-k1-h11-my-number-sousoku","課題Ⅰ 第11編① マイナンバー法 ― 総則・個人番号・個人番号カード（法1条〜18条の5）","Chapter 11: Understanding the My Number Act pt.1 — General Provisions, Individual Numbers, and My Number Cards (Articles 1-18-5)","kojin-joho-hogo\u002Fkadai-1",1111,"課題Ⅰ 第11編①","Exhaustive coverage of My Number Act Articles 1-18-5: purpose (Art. 1), all key definitions including 個人番号, 個人番号カード, 特定個人情報, 特定個人情報ファイル, 個人番号関係事務, 個人番号利用事務, and 情報提供ネットワークシステム (Art. 2), basic principles (Art. 3), duties of state\u002Flocal government\u002Fbusiness operators (Arts. 4-6), number assignment and notification (Art. 7), number generation by J-LIS (Art. 8), strictly enumerated scope of use including social security\u002Ftax\u002Fdisaster\u002Fordinance\u002Fsevere disaster provisions (Art. 9), re-outsourcing restrictions (Art. 10), outsourcing supervision (Art. 11), implementer duties (Art. 12), number changes (Art. 13), provision requests (Art. 14), provision request restrictions (Art. 15), identity verification (Art. 16), card definition and contents (Art. 16-2), card issuance procedures (Arts. 16-3 to 16-5), electronic certificates — signature vs. user certification (Art. 17), card use cases (Art. 18), and card management\u002Fvalidity\u002Fsurrender (Arts. 18-2 to 18-5).","2026-04-26T00:00:00Z","https:\u002F\u002Fimages.yamiyomi.com\u002Fkjh-k1-h11-my-number-sousoku.png",[16,17,18],"exam:個人情報保護士","law:マイナンバー法","topic:特定個人情報",[20,25,30,34,38,42,46,50,54,58,62,66,70,74,78,82,86,90,94,98,102,106,110,114,118,122,126,130,134,138,142,146,150,154,158,162,166,170,174,178,182,186,190,194,198,202,206,210,214,218],{"word":21,"reading":22,"meaning":23,"level":24},"行政","ぎょうせい","administration, government","N2",{"word":26,"reading":27,"meaning":28,"level":29},"識別","しきべつ","identification","N1",{"word":31,"reading":32,"meaning":33,"level":29},"制定","せいてい","enactment, establishment",{"word":35,"reading":36,"meaning":37,"level":29},"利便性","りべんせい","convenience",{"word":39,"reading":40,"meaning":41,"level":24},"住民票","じゅうみんひょう","resident register",{"word":43,"reading":44,"meaning":45,"level":24},"変換","へんかん","conversion",{"word":47,"reading":48,"meaning":49,"level":29},"厳格","げんかく","strict, rigorous",{"word":51,"reading":52,"meaning":53,"level":29},"源泉徴収","げんせんちょうしゅう","withholding tax",{"word":55,"reading":56,"meaning":57,"level":24},"被災者","ひさいしゃ","disaster victim",{"word":59,"reading":60,"meaning":61,"level":24},"規定","きてい","provision, stipulation",{"word":63,"reading":64,"meaning":65,"level":24},"搭載","とうさい","equipped, installed",{"word":67,"reading":68,"meaning":69,"level":29},"電子証明書","でんししょうめいしょ","electronic certificate",{"word":71,"reading":72,"meaning":73,"level":24},"公的","こうてき","public, official",{"word":75,"reading":76,"meaning":77,"level":29},"恩恵","おんけい","benefit, grace",{"word":79,"reading":80,"meaning":81,"level":29},"安全管理措置","あんぜんかんりそち","safety management measures",{"word":83,"reading":84,"meaning":85,"level":29},"明示","めいじ","explicit statement",{"word":87,"reading":88,"meaning":89,"level":24},"通知","つうち","notification",{"word":91,"reading":92,"meaning":93,"level":24},"生涯","しょうがい","lifetime",{"word":95,"reading":96,"meaning":97,"level":29},"台帳","だいちょう","register, ledger",{"word":99,"reading":100,"meaning":101,"level":29},"特別法","とくべつほう","special law",{"word":103,"reading":104,"meaning":105,"level":29},"付番","ふばん","number assignment",{"word":107,"reading":108,"meaning":109,"level":29},"不変","ふへん","unchanging",{"word":111,"reading":112,"meaning":113,"level":29},"漏洩","ろうえい","leakage",{"word":115,"reading":116,"meaning":117,"level":29},"類型","るいけい","type, pattern",{"word":119,"reading":120,"meaning":121,"level":29},"賦課","ふか","levy, assessment",{"word":123,"reading":124,"meaning":125,"level":24},"廃止","はいし","abolition",{"word":127,"reading":128,"meaning":129,"level":29},"限定列挙","げんていれっきょ","exhaustive enumeration",{"word":131,"reading":132,"meaning":133,"level":29},"流用","りゅうよう","diversion, repurposing",{"word":135,"reading":136,"meaning":137,"level":29},"身元確認","みもとかくにん","identity verification",{"word":139,"reading":140,"meaning":141,"level":24},"暗証番号","あんしょうばんごう","PIN, secret number",{"word":143,"reading":144,"meaning":145,"level":29},"格納","かくのう","stored",{"word":147,"reading":148,"meaning":149,"level":29},"均衡","きんこう","balance, equilibrium",{"word":151,"reading":152,"meaning":153,"level":24},"廃棄","はいき","disposal",{"word":155,"reading":156,"meaning":157,"level":29},"漫然","まんぜん","aimlessly, carelessly",{"word":159,"reading":160,"meaning":161,"level":29},"責務","せきむ","duty, responsibility",{"word":163,"reading":164,"meaning":165,"level":29},"委託","いたく","consignment, outsourcing",{"word":167,"reading":168,"meaning":169,"level":24},"監督","かんとく","supervision",{"word":171,"reading":172,"meaning":173,"level":29},"許諾","きょだく","consent, approval",{"word":175,"reading":176,"meaning":177,"level":29},"滅失","めっしつ","loss, destruction",{"word":179,"reading":180,"meaning":181,"level":29},"毀損","きそん","damage, impairment",{"word":183,"reading":184,"meaning":185,"level":29},"激甚災害","げきじんさいがい","severe disaster",{"word":187,"reading":188,"meaning":189,"level":24},"預貯金","よちょきん","savings and deposits",{"word":191,"reading":192,"meaning":193,"level":29},"返納","へんのう","return, surrender",{"word":195,"reading":196,"meaning":197,"level":29},"実印","じついん","registered seal",{"word":199,"reading":200,"meaning":201,"level":29},"認印","みとめいん","personal seal",{"word":203,"reading":204,"meaning":205,"level":29},"遵守","じゅんしゅ","compliance",{"word":207,"reading":208,"meaning":209,"level":29},"施策","しさく","policy, measure",{"word":211,"reading":212,"meaning":213,"level":29},"基本理念","きほんりねん","basic principle",{"word":215,"reading":216,"meaning":217,"level":24},"介護保険","かいごほけん","nursing care insurance",{"word":219,"reading":220,"meaning":221,"level":24},"児童手当","じどうてあて","child allowance","kjh-k1-h11-quiz",{"name":224,"url":225},"個人情報保護士試験対策","https:\u002F\u002Fwww.joho-gakushu.or.jp\u002Fpiip\u002F","\n::para\nマイナンバー[法]{ほう:law:N3}（[正式]{せいしき:formal:N3}[名称]{めいしょう:name, title:N1}：[行政]{ぎょうせい:administration:N3}[手続]{てつづき:procedure:N3}における[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}の[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}を[識別]{しきべつ:identification:N3}するための[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}の[利用]{りよう:use:N3}[等]{とう:etc.:N3}に[関する]{かんする:regarding:N3}[法律]{ほうりつ:law, statute:N2}）は、[社会]{しゃかい:society:N4}[保障]{ほしょう:security:N1}・[税]{ぜい:tax:N2}・[災害]{さいがい:disaster:N1}[対策]{たいさく:countermeasures:N1}の[三]{さん:three:N5}[分野]{ぶんや:field:N4}で[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}を[用いて]{もちいて:using:N4}[効率的]{こうりつてき:efficient:N1}に[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}を[管理]{かんり:management:N2}し、[行政]{ぎょうせい:administration:N3}[運営]{うんえい:operation:N2}の[効率化]{こうりつか:streamlining:N1}と[国民]{こくみん:citizens:N3}の[利便性]{りべんせい:convenience:N3}[向上]{こうじょう:improvement:N3}を[図る]{はかる:to aim for:N4}ために[制定]{せいてい:enacted:N3}されました。この[法律]{ほうりつ:law:N2}は[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}[保護法]{ほごほう:Protection Act:N1}の[特別法]{とくべつほう:special law:N3}に[位置づけ]{いちづけ:positioning:N3}られ、[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}の[不適正]{ふてきせい:improper:N3}な[利用]{りよう:use:N3}を[防止]{ぼうし:prevention:N2}することも[目的]{もくてき:purpose:N4}としています。この[記事]{きじ:article:N3}では、[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}[保護]{ほご:protection:N1}[士]{し:specialist:N1}[試験]{しけん:exam:N4}の[出題]{しゅつだい:exam questions:N4}[範囲]{はんい:scope:N1}である[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}1[条]{じょう:article:N1}から[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}18[条]{じょう:article:N1}の5までを[網羅的]{もうらてき:exhaustive:N1}に[解説]{かいせつ:explanation:N3}します。\n\n#en\nThe My Number Act (formal name: Act on the Use of Numbers to Identify Specific Individuals in Administrative Procedures) was enacted to manage information efficiently using individual numbers in three fields — social security, taxation, and disaster countermeasures — aiming to streamline government operations and improve convenience for citizens. This law is positioned as a special law relative to the Act on the Protection of Personal Information, and also aims to prevent the improper use of specific personal information. This article provides exhaustive coverage of Articles 1 through 18-5, which form the exam scope for the Certified Personal Information Protection Specialist exam.\n::\n\n::heading\n[総則]{そうそく:general provisions:N2}（[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}1[条]{じょう:article:N1}〜[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}6[条]{じょう:article:N1}）\n\n#en\nGeneral Provisions (Articles 1-6)\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}1[条]{じょう:article:N1}はこの[法律]{ほうりつ:law:N2}の[目的]{もくてき:purpose:N4}[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}です。[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}を[活用]{かつよう:utilization:N3}することで、[行政]{ぎょうせい:administration:N3}[機関]{きかん:institution:N3}が[迅速]{じんそく:prompt, swift:N1}かつ[正確]{せいかく:accurate:N3}に[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}を[特定]{とくてい:identify:N3}でき、[社会]{しゃかい:society:N4}[保障]{ほしょう:security:N1}[給付]{きゅうふ:benefits:N3}の[適正化]{てきせいか:optimization:N3}や[税務]{ぜいむ:taxation:N2}[手続]{てつづき:procedure:N3}の[簡素化]{かんそか:simplification:N1}が[実現]{じつげん:realization:N3}します。[同時]{どうじ:at the same time:N4}に、[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}の[適正]{てきせい:proper:N3}な[取扱い]{とりあつかい:handling:N1}を[確保]{かくほ:to ensure:N1}するための[措置]{そち:measures:N1}を[講じる]{こうじる:to take (measures):N2}ことも[定め]{さだめ:to stipulate:N3}ています。つまり、[効率性]{こうりつせい:efficiency:N1}と[保護]{ほご:protection:N1}の[両立]{りょうりつ:compatibility, balancing:N3}がこの[法律]{ほうりつ:law:N2}の[根幹]{こんかん:foundation:N1}です。\n\n#en\nArticle 1 is the purpose provision. By utilizing individual numbers, government agencies can swiftly and accurately identify individuals, enabling the optimization of social security benefits and simplification of tax procedures. At the same time, it stipulates that measures must be taken to ensure the proper handling of specific personal information. In other words, balancing efficiency and protection is the foundation of this law.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}2[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[主要]{しゅよう:main:N3}な[用語]{ようご:term:N4}の[定義]{ていぎ:definition:N1}[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}です。まず[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}1[項]{こう:paragraph:N1}で「[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}」を[広義]{こうぎ:broad sense:N1}に[定義]{ていぎ:definition:N1}し、[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}5[項]{こう:paragraph:N1}で[詳細]{しょうさい:detailed:N1}な[定義]{ていぎ:definition:N1}を[置い]{おい:to place:N3}ています。[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}とは、[住民票]{じゅうみんひょう:resident register:N1}コードを[変換]{へんかん:conversion:N2}して[得]{え:to obtain:N3}られる12[桁]{けた:digit:N1}の[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}であり、[日本]{にほん:Japan:N5}に[住民票]{じゅうみんひょう:resident register:N1}を[有する]{ゆうする:to possess:N4}すべての[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}（[外国人]{がいこくじん:foreigner:N5}[住民]{じゅうみん:resident:N3}を[含む]{ふくむ:to include:N2}）に[付番]{ふばん:number assignment:N3}されます。[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}3[項]{こう:paragraph:N1}では「[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}カード」を[定義]{ていぎ:definition:N1}しており、[氏名]{しめい:full name:N1}・[住所]{じゅうしょ:address:N3}・[生年月日]{せいねんがっぴ:date of birth:N5}・[性別]{せいべつ:gender:N3}・[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}・[写真]{しゃしん:photo:N4}が[記載]{きさい:entry:N1}されたICチップ[搭載]{とうさい:equipped:N1}のカードと[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}されています。\n\n#en\nArticle 2 defines key terms. Paragraph 1 broadly defines \"individual number,\" and paragraph 5 provides a detailed definition. An individual number is a 12-digit number derived by converting the resident register code, assigned to every individual with a resident register in Japan (including foreign residents). Paragraph 3 defines the \"My Number card\" as an IC chip-equipped card displaying the holder's name, address, date of birth, gender, individual number, and photograph.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}2[条]{じょう:article:N1}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}8[項]{こう:paragraph:N1}は「[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}」を[定義]{ていぎ:definition:N1}します。これは[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}を[含む]{ふくむ:to include:N2}[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}のことで、[通常]{つうじょう:ordinary:N3}の[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}よりもはるかに[厳格]{げんかく:strict:N1}な[保護]{ほご:protection:N1}が[求め]{もとめ:to require:N3}られます。たとえ[氏名]{しめい:full name:N1}と[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}だけの[組]{くみ:combination:N3}み[合わせ]{あわせ:combination:N3}でも[該当]{がいとう:applicable:N1}します。[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}9[項]{こう:paragraph:N1}は「[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}ファイル」を[定義]{ていぎ:definition:N1}し、[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}を[含む]{ふくむ:to include:N2}[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}[データベース]{データベース:database}[等]{とう:etc.:N3}を[指し]{さし:to refer to:N3}ます。[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}[保護法]{ほごほう:Protection Act:N1}の「[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}ファイル」よりも[厳しい]{きびしい:strict:N1}[規制]{きせい:regulation:N3}が[適用]{てきよう:application:N3}されます。\n\n#en\nArticle 2, paragraph 8 defines \"specific personal information\" — personal information that includes an individual number, requiring far stricter protection than ordinary personal information. Even a combination of just a name and individual number qualifies. Paragraph 9 defines \"specific personal information files,\" referring to databases containing individual numbers. Stricter regulations apply than those for \"personal information files\" under the Personal Information Protection Act.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}2[条]{じょう:article:N1}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}10[項]{こう:paragraph:N1}は「[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[関係]{かんけい:related:N3}[事務]{じむ:administrative work:N3}」を[定義]{ていぎ:definition:N1}します。[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}の[記載]{きさい:entry:N1}が[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}な[届出]{とどけで:notification, report:N2}や[申請]{しんせい:application:N1}を[行う]{おこなう:to carry out:N5}[事務]{じむ:work:N3}であり、[民間]{みんかん:private sector:N3}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}（[雇用主]{こようぬし:employer:N2}・[金融]{きんゆう:finance:N1}[機関]{きかん:institution:N3}など）が[主]{おも:mainly:N4}に[担い]{にない:to bear:N2}ます。[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}11[項]{こう:paragraph:N1}は「[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[利用]{りよう:use:N3}[事務]{じむ:work:N3}」を[定義]{ていぎ:definition:N1}し、[行政]{ぎょうせい:administration:N3}[機関]{きかん:institution:N3}が[法令]{ほうれい:laws and ordinances:N2}に[基づき]{もとづき:based on:N1}[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}を[利用]{りよう:use:N3}して[処理]{しょり:processing:N3}する[事務]{じむ:work:N3}（[年金]{ねんきん:pension:N5}の[受給]{じゅきゅう:receipt:N3}[資格]{しかく:qualification:N3}[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}、[税]{ぜい:tax:N2}の[賦課]{ふか:levy:N1}[徴収]{ちょうしゅう:collection:N1}など）です。[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}12[項]{こう:paragraph:N1}は「[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}ネットワークシステム」を[定義]{ていぎ:definition:N1}し、[行政]{ぎょうせい:administration:N3}[機関]{きかん:institution:N3}[間]{かん:between:N5}で[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}を[安全]{あんぜん:safe:N3}に[照会]{しょうかい:inquiry:N2}・[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}するための[仕組み]{しくみ:mechanism:N3}です。\n\n#en\nArticle 2, paragraph 10 defines \"individual number-related administrative affairs\" — tasks requiring entry of individual numbers in notifications\u002Fapplications, mainly handled by private-sector operators (employers, financial institutions). Paragraph 11 defines \"individual number use affairs\" — tasks where government agencies process work using individual numbers based on laws (pension eligibility verification, tax levy\u002Fcollection, etc.). Paragraph 12 defines the \"information provision network system,\" a mechanism for safely querying and providing specific personal information between government agencies.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}3[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[基本]{きほん:basic:N1}[理念]{りねん:principle, philosophy:N3}を[定め]{さだめ:to stipulate:N3}ています。[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}の[利用]{りよう:use:N3}は[法律]{ほうりつ:law:N2}に[基づき]{もとづき:based on:N1}[適正]{てきせい:proper:N3}に[行わ]{おこなわ:to carry out:N5}れなければならず、[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}の[利用]{りよう:use:N3}に[関して]{かんして:regarding:N3}[国民]{こくみん:citizens:N3}の[信頼]{しんらい:trust:N3}を[確保]{かくほ:to ensure:N1}することが[重要]{じゅうよう:important:N3}であると[宣言]{せんげん:declaration:N1}しています。[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}の[保護]{ほご:protection:N1}に[十分]{じゅうぶん:sufficient:N5}[配慮]{はいりょ:consideration:N1}しつつ、[行政]{ぎょうせい:administration:N3}の[効率化]{こうりつか:streamlining:N1}と[国民]{こくみん:citizens:N3}の[利便性]{りべんせい:convenience:N3}[向上]{こうじょう:improvement:N3}を[図る]{はかる:to aim for:N4}という[二]{に:two:N5}つの[価値]{かち:value:N1}の[均衡]{きんこう:balance:N1}が[理念]{りねん:principle:N3}の[核心]{かくしん:core:N1}です。\n\n#en\nArticle 3 establishes the basic principles. The use of individual numbers must be carried out properly based on law, and the article declares the importance of ensuring citizens' trust regarding the use of individual numbers. The core principle is balancing two values: pursuing administrative streamlining and citizen convenience while giving sufficient consideration to the protection of personal information.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}4[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[国]{くに:state:N5}の[責務]{せきむ:duty, responsibility:N3}を[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}し、[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[制度]{せいど:system:N3}の[適正]{てきせい:proper:N3}な[運用]{うんよう:operation:N4}のために[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}な[措置]{そち:measures:N1}を[講じる]{こうじる:to take (measures):N2}ことを[求め]{もとめ:to require:N3}ています。[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}5[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[地方]{ちほう:local:N4}[公共]{こうきょう:public:N3}[団体]{だんたい:body:N2}の[責務]{せきむ:duty:N3}を[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}し、[国]{くに:state:N5}との[協力]{きょうりょく:cooperation:N2}のもとで[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}の[適正]{てきせい:proper:N3}な[取扱い]{とりあつかい:handling:N1}を[確保]{かくほ:to ensure:N1}する[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}を[課し]{かし:to impose:N2}ています。[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}6[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}の[努力]{どりょく:effort:N3}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}を[定め]{さだめ:to stipulate:N3}ており、[国]{くに:state:N5}や[地方]{ちほう:local:N4}[公共]{こうきょう:public:N3}[団体]{だんたい:body:N2}の[施策]{しさく:policy, measure:N1}に[協力]{きょうりょく:cooperation:N2}するよう[努め]{つとめ:to endeavor:N3}なければなりません。「[努力]{どりょく:effort:N3}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}」であるため、[法的]{ほうてき:legal:N3}[拘束力]{こうそくりょく:binding force:N1}は[弱い]{よわい:weak:N2}ものの、[実務]{じつむ:practical affairs:N3}[上]{じょう:from the standpoint of:N5}は[遵守]{じゅんしゅ:compliance:N1}が[求め]{もとめ:to require:N3}られます。\n\n#en\nArticle 4 prescribes the state's duty to take necessary measures for the proper operation of the individual number system. Article 5 prescribes local government duties, imposing an obligation to ensure proper handling of individual numbers in cooperation with the state. Article 6 sets a \"best-effort obligation\" for business operators, requiring them to endeavor to cooperate with national and local government policies. Being an \"effort obligation,\" it has weaker legal binding force, but compliance is expected in practice.\n::\n\n::callout\n[試験]{しけん:exam:N4}ポイント：[法]{ほう:law:N3}4[条]{じょう:article:N1}（[国]{くに:state:N5}）と[法]{ほう:law:N3}5[条]{じょう:article:N1}（[地方]{ちほう:local:N4}[公共]{こうきょう:public:N3}[団体]{だんたい:body:N2}）は「[責務]{せきむ:duty:N3}」（[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}）ですが、[法]{ほう:law:N3}6[条]{じょう:article:N1}（[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}）は「[努力]{どりょく:effort:N3}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}」です。この[違い]{ちがい:difference:N3}は[出題]{しゅつだい:exam questions:N4}されやすいので[注意]{ちゅうい:attention:N4}しましょう。\n\n#en\nExam point: Articles 4 (state) and 5 (local governments) impose \"duties\" (obligations), but Article 6 (business operators) is a \"best-effort obligation.\" This distinction is frequently tested, so pay attention.\n::\n\n::heading\n[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}（[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}7[条]{じょう:article:N1}〜[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}16[条]{じょう:article:N1}）\n\n#en\nIndividual Numbers (Articles 7-16)\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}7[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}の[指定]{してい:designation:N3}と[通知]{つうち:notification:N4}を[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}しています。[市町村長]{しちょうそんちょう:mayor of a municipality:N2}が[住民票]{じゅうみんひょう:resident register:N1}コードを[基]{もと:basis:N1}に[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}を[指定]{してい:designation:N3}し、[本人]{ほんにん:the person:N5}に[通知]{つうち:notification:N4}します。かつては「[通知]{つうち:notification:N4}カード」で[通知]{つうち:notification:N4}していましたが、2020[年]{ねん:year:N5}5[月]{がつ:month:N5}に[廃止]{はいし:abolition:N1}され、[現在]{げんざい:currently:N3}は「[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[通知書]{つうちしょ:notification document:N4}」で[通知]{つうち:notification:N4}されます。[出生届]{しゅっしょうとどけ:birth registration:N2}により[住民票]{じゅうみんひょう:resident register:N1}が[作成]{さくせい:creation:N3}されると[自動的]{じどうてき:automatically:N4}に[付番]{ふばん:number assignment:N3}され、[原則]{げんそく:principle:N2}として[生涯]{しょうがい:lifetime:N1}[不変]{ふへん:unchanging:N3}です。\n\n#en\nArticle 7 governs the assignment and notification of individual numbers. The mayor of the municipality assigns an individual number based on the resident register code and notifies the person. Previously, notification was via \"notification cards,\" but these were abolished in May 2020; now notification is via an \"individual number notification document.\" When a resident register is created through a birth registration, a number is automatically assigned. As a rule, the number is unchangeable throughout one's lifetime.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}8[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}の[生成]{せいせい:generation:N3}[方法]{ほうほう:method:N3}を[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}しています。[地方]{ちほう:local:N4}[公共]{こうきょう:public:N3}[団体]{だんたい:body:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}システム[機構]{きこう:organization:N3}（J-LIS）が[住民票]{じゅうみんひょう:resident register:N1}コードを[変換]{へんかん:conversion:N2}して[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}を[生成]{せいせい:generation:N3}します。12[桁]{けた:digit:N1}のうち11[桁]{けた:digit:N1}が[本体]{ほんたい:main body:N4}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}、[最後]{さいご:last:N3}の1[桁]{けた:digit:N1}が[検査用]{けんさよう:for verification:N1}[数字]{すうじ:digit:N3}（チェックデジット）です。[検査用]{けんさよう:for verification:N1}[数字]{すうじ:digit:N3}は[入力]{にゅうりょく:input:N4}[誤り]{あやまり:error:N3}を[検出]{けんしゅつ:detection:N1}するための[仕組み]{しくみ:mechanism:N3}であり、[市町村長]{しちょうそんちょう:mayor:N2}はJ-LISに[対して]{たいして:toward:N3}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}の[生成]{せいせい:generation:N3}を[求め]{もとめ:to request:N3}、J-LISが[生成]{せいせい:generation:N3}した[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}を[市町村長]{しちょうそんちょう:mayor:N2}が[指定]{してい:designation:N3}するという[流れ]{ながれ:flow:N3}です。\n\n#en\nArticle 8 governs how individual numbers are generated. The Local Authorities Systems Development Center (J-LIS) converts the resident register code to generate the number. Of the 12 digits, 11 are the main number and the last digit is a check digit for detecting input errors. The flow is: the mayor requests J-LIS to generate a number, then the mayor assigns the J-LIS-generated number to the individual.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}9[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}の[利用]{りよう:use:N3}[範囲]{はんい:scope:N1}を[厳格]{げんかく:strict:N1}に[限定]{げんてい:limited:N3}[列挙]{れっきょ:enumeration:N1}しています。[第一]{だいいち:first:N1}に「[社会]{しゃかい:society:N4}[保障]{ほしょう:security:N1}」[分野]{ぶんや:field:N4}：[年金]{ねんきん:pension:N5}（[厚生]{こうせい:welfare:N2}[年金]{ねんきん:pension:N5}・[国民]{こくみん:citizens:N3}[年金]{ねんきん:pension:N5}の[届出]{とどけで:notification:N2}）、[医療]{いりょう:medical:N2}[保険]{ほけん:insurance:N1}（[資格]{しかく:qualification:N3}[取得]{しゅとく:acquisition:N3}・[喪失]{そうしつ:loss:N1}の[届出]{とどけで:notification:N2}）、[介護]{かいご:nursing care:N1}[保険]{ほけん:insurance:N1}、[雇用]{こよう:employment:N2}[保険]{ほけん:insurance:N1}（[被]{ひ:subject to:N2}[保険者]{ほけんしゃ:insured person:N1}[資格]{しかく:qualification:N3}[届出]{とどけで:notification:N2}）、[生活]{せいかつ:living:N3}[保護]{ほご:protection:N1}の[申請]{しんせい:application:N1}、[児童]{じどう:child:N2}[手当]{てあて:allowance:N3}の[請求]{せいきゅう:claim:N1}などが[含まれ]{ふくまれ:to be included:N2}ます。\n\n#en\nArticle 9 strictly enumerates the scope of use for individual numbers. First, the \"social security\" field: pensions (welfare pension and national pension notifications), medical insurance (qualification acquisition\u002Floss notifications), nursing care insurance, employment insurance (insured person qualification notifications), public assistance applications, and child allowance claims.\n::\n\n::para\n[第二]{だいに:second:N1}に「[税]{ぜい:tax:N2}」[分野]{ぶんや:field:N4}：[確定]{かくてい:final:N3}[申告]{しんこく:declaration:N3}[書]{しょ:document:N5}、[源泉]{げんせん:source:N1}[徴収]{ちょうしゅう:collection:N1}[票]{ひょう:form, slip:N1}、[法定]{ほうてい:statutory:N3}[調書]{ちょうしょ:report, statement:N3}への[記載]{きさい:entry:N1}が[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}づけられています。[第三]{だいさん:third:N1}に「[災害]{さいがい:disaster:N1}[対策]{たいさく:countermeasures:N1}」[分野]{ぶんや:field:N4}：[被災者]{ひさいしゃ:disaster victim:N1}[台帳]{だいちょう:register:N1}の[作成]{さくせい:creation:N3}や[被災者]{ひさいしゃ:disaster victim:N1}[生活]{せいかつ:living:N3}[再建]{さいけん:reconstruction:N2}[支援金]{しえんきん:support funds:N1}の[支給]{しきゅう:payment:N3}に[使用]{しよう:use:N4}されます。さらに、[地方]{ちほう:local:N4}[公共]{こうきょう:public:N3}[団体]{だんたい:body:N2}が[条例]{じょうれい:ordinance:N1}で[定める]{さだめる:to specify:N3}[事務]{じむ:administrative work:N3}にも[利用]{りよう:use:N3}できます。[法]{ほう:law:N3}9[条]{じょう:article:N1}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}4[項]{こう:paragraph:N1}は[激甚]{げきじん:severe, devastating:N1}[災害]{さいがい:disaster:N1}[時]{じ:at the time of:N5}の[特例]{とくれい:special provision:N3}を[設け]{もうけ:to establish:N2}、[金融]{きんゆう:finance:N1}[機関]{きかん:institution:N3}が[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}を[利用]{りよう:use:N3}して[預貯金]{よちょきん:savings and deposits:N2}[口座]{こうざ:account:N3}の[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}を[行える]{おこなえる:can carry out:N5}ようにしています。\n\n#en\nSecond, the \"taxation\" field: entry on final tax returns, withholding tax slips, and statutory records is mandatory. Third, the \"disaster countermeasures\" field: used for creating disaster victim registers and paying reconstruction support funds. Local governments can also use numbers for affairs specified by ordinance. Article 9, paragraph 4 establishes a special provision for severe disasters, allowing financial institutions to use individual numbers to verify savings\u002Fdeposit accounts.\n::\n\n::callout\n[最]{もっと:most:N3}も[重要]{じゅうよう:important:N3}な[試験]{しけん:exam:N4}ポイント：[利用]{りよう:use:N3}[範囲]{はんい:scope:N1}は[法律]{ほうりつ:law:N2}で[限定]{げんてい:limited:N3}[列挙]{れっきょ:enumeration:N1}されています。マーケティング、[社員]{しゃいん:employee:N4}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}としての[流用]{りゅうよう:diversion, repurposing:N3}、[顧客]{こきゃく:customer:N1}[管理]{かんり:management:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}としての[利用]{りよう:use:N3}は[一切]{いっさい:absolutely:N4}[認め]{みとめ:to allow:N3}られません。[本人]{ほんにん:the person:N5}の[同意]{どうい:consent:N4}があっても[法]{ほう:law:N3}[定]{さだ:prescribed:N3}の[範囲]{はんい:scope:N1}を[超]{こ:to exceed:N2}えた[利用]{りよう:use:N3}は[違法]{いほう:illegal:N3}です。\n\n#en\nMost important exam point: The scope of use is exhaustively enumerated by law. Use for marketing, repurposing as an employee number, or as a customer management number is absolutely not permitted. Even with the individual's consent, use beyond the legally prescribed scope is illegal.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}10[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[再]{さい:re-:N2}[委託]{いたく:consignment, outsourcing:N1}の[制限]{せいげん:restriction:N3}を[定め]{さだめ:to stipulate:N3}ています。[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[関係]{かんけい:related:N3}[事務]{じむ:work:N3}または[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[利用]{りよう:use:N3}[事務]{じむ:work:N3}の[全部]{ぜんぶ:all:N3}または[一部]{いちぶ:part:N3}の[委託]{いたく:outsourcing:N1}を[受けた]{うけた:received:N3}[者]{もの:person:N4}は、[委託者]{いたくしゃ:consigner:N1}の[許諾]{きょだく:consent:N1}を[得た]{えた:obtained:N3}[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}に[限り]{かぎり:limited to:N3}、[再]{さい:re-:N2}[委託]{いたく:outsourcing:N1}ができます。さらに[再]{さい:re-:N2}[再]{さい:re-:N2}[委託]{いたく:outsourcing:N1}についても[同様]{どうよう:similarly:N3}の[制限]{せいげん:restriction:N3}が[適用]{てきよう:application:N3}されます。[無断]{むだん:without permission:N3}での[再]{さい:re-:N2}[委託]{いたく:outsourcing:N1}は[禁止]{きんし:prohibition:N2}されています。\n\n#en\nArticle 10 restricts re-outsourcing. A party that receives outsourcing of individual number-related or use affairs may only re-outsource with the consigner's consent. The same restriction applies to further levels of re-outsourcing. Unauthorized re-outsourcing is prohibited.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}11[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[委託]{いたく:outsourcing:N1}[先]{さき:destination:N5}の[監督]{かんとく:supervision:N1}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}を[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}しています。[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[関係]{かんけい:related:N3}[事務]{じむ:work:N3}を[委託]{いたく:outsourcing:N1}する[者]{もの:person:N4}は、[委託]{いたく:outsourcing:N1}[先]{さき:destination:N5}が[特定]{とくてい:specific:N3}[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}を[適切]{てきせつ:appropriate:N3}に[管理]{かんり:management:N2}するよう[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}かつ[適切]{てきせつ:appropriate:N3}な[監督]{かんとく:supervision:N1}を[行わ]{おこなわ:to carry out:N5}なければなりません。[委託]{いたく:outsourcing:N1}[先]{さき:destination:N5}で[漏洩]{ろうえい:leakage:N1}が[発生]{はっせい:occurrence:N4}した[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}、[委託]{いたく:outsourcing:N1}[元]{もと:origin:N4}も[責任]{せきにん:responsibility:N3}を[問わ]{とわ:to question:N4}れる[可能性]{かのうせい:possibility:N3}があります。\n\n#en\nArticle 11 requires the party outsourcing individual number affairs to exercise necessary and appropriate supervision over the outsourcing destination to ensure proper management of specific personal information. If a leak occurs at the outsourcing destination, the outsourcing party may also be held responsible.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}12[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[利用]{りよう:use:N3}[事務]{じむ:work:N3}[実施者]{じっししゃ:implementer:N1}の[責務]{せきむ:duty:N3}を[定め]{さだめ:to stipulate:N3}ています。[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[利用]{りよう:use:N3}[事務]{じむ:work:N3}[実施者]{じっししゃ:implementer:N1}は、[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}の[漏洩]{ろうえい:leakage:N1}、[滅失]{めっしつ:loss, destruction:N1}、[毀損]{きそん:damage:N1}の[防止]{ぼうし:prevention:N2}その[他]{た:other:N3}の[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}の[適切]{てきせつ:appropriate:N3}な[管理]{かんり:management:N2}のために[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}な[措置]{そち:measures:N1}を[講じ]{こうじ:to take (measures):N2}なければなりません。これは[安全]{あんぜん:safe:N3}[管理]{かんり:management:N2}[措置]{そち:measures:N1}の[根拠]{こんきょ:basis:N1}[条文]{じょうぶん:article text:N1}です。\n\n#en\nArticle 12 prescribes the duties of individual number use affairs implementers. They must take necessary measures for the appropriate management of individual numbers, including preventing leakage, loss, and damage. This is the legal basis for safety management measures.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}13[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}の[変更]{へんこう:change:N3}について[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}しています。[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}が[漏洩]{ろうえい:leakage:N1}して[不正]{ふせい:fraudulent:N4}に[用い]{もちい:to use:N4}られるおそれがある[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}、[本人]{ほんにん:the person:N5}または[代理人]{だいりにん:agent, proxy:N4}が[市町村長]{しちょうそんちょう:mayor:N2}に[対して]{たいして:toward:N3}[変更]{へんこう:change:N3}を[請求]{せいきゅう:claim, request:N1}できます。[市町村長]{しちょうそんちょう:mayor:N2}は[請求]{せいきゅう:request:N1}が[認め]{みとめ:to approve:N3}られれば[新しい]{あたらしい:new:N4}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}を[指定]{してい:designation:N3}し[通知]{つうち:notification:N4}します。「[漏洩]{ろうえい:leakage:N1}＋[不正]{ふせい:fraudulent:N4}[使用]{しよう:use:N4}のおそれ」が[条件]{じょうけん:condition:N1}であり、[単]{たん:simply:N3}に[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}を[変え]{かえ:to change:N3}たいという[理由]{りゆう:reason:N3}では[変更]{へんこう:change:N3}できません。\n\n#en\nArticle 13 governs changes to individual numbers. When a number has been leaked and there is a risk of fraudulent use, the individual or their proxy can request the mayor to change it. If approved, the mayor assigns and notifies a new number. The condition is \"leakage + risk of fraudulent use\" — one cannot change the number simply because they want to.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}14[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}の[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}の[求め]{もとめ:request:N3}について[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}しています。[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[関係]{かんけい:related:N3}[事務]{じむ:work:N3}[実施者]{じっししゃ:implementer:N1}（[例]{れい:example:N3}：[雇用主]{こようぬし:employer:N2}）は、[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[関係]{かんけい:related:N3}[事務]{じむ:work:N3}を[処理]{しょり:processing:N3}するために[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}な[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}に[限り]{かぎり:limited to:N3}、[本人]{ほんにん:the person:N5}にマイナンバーの[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}を[求める]{もとめる:to request:N3}ことができます。[例えば]{たとえば:for example:N3}、[源泉]{げんせん:source:N1}[徴収]{ちょうしゅう:collection:N1}[票]{ひょう:form:N1}の[作成]{さくせい:creation:N3}や[雇用]{こよう:employment:N2}[保険]{ほけん:insurance:N1}の[届出]{とどけで:notification:N2}のためです。「[会社]{かいしゃ:company:N4}の[管理]{かんり:management:N2}のため」などの[漠然]{ばくぜん:vague:N1}とした[理由]{りゆう:reason:N3}では[求める]{もとめる:to request:N3}ことはできません。\n\n#en\nArticle 14 governs requests for provision of individual numbers. An implementer of individual number-related affairs (e.g., an employer) can request a person's My Number, but only when necessary for processing those affairs — for example, preparing withholding tax forms or filing employment insurance notifications. Vague reasons like \"for company management\" are not permitted.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}15[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}の[求め]{もとめ:request:N3}の[制限]{せいげん:restriction:N3}を[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}しています。[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}19[条]{じょう:article:N1}の[各号]{かくごう:each item:N2}に[該当]{がいとう:applicable:N1}しない[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}は、[何人]{なんぴと:anyone:N5}も[他人]{たにん:other person:N3}に[対して]{たいして:toward:N3}[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}の[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}を[求めて]{もとめて:to request:N3}はなりません。つまり、[法]{ほう:law:N3}19[条]{じょう:article:N1}で[認め]{みとめ:to allow:N3}られた[場面]{ばめん:situation:N3}[以外]{いがい:other than:N4}では、マイナンバーを「[教えて]{おしえて:to tell:N4}」と[聞く]{きく:to ask:N5}こと[自体]{じたい:itself:N4}が[禁止]{きんし:prohibition:N2}されています。[法]{ほう:law:N3}14[条]{じょう:article:N1}は「[求められる]{もとめられる:can request:N3}[者]{もの:person:N4}」を[限定]{げんてい:limited:N3}し、[法]{ほう:law:N3}15[条]{じょう:article:N1}は「[求めて]{もとめて:to request:N3}はならない」[場面]{ばめん:situation:N3}を[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}するという[表裏]{ひょうり:two sides:N2}の[関係]{かんけい:relationship:N3}です。\n\n#en\nArticle 15 restricts requests for provision. If the situation does not fall under any item of Article 19, no one may ask another person to provide their individual number. In other words, outside the scenarios permitted by Article 19, even asking someone to \"tell me your My Number\" is prohibited. Article 14 limits \"who can request\" while Article 15 defines \"when requesting is prohibited\" — they are two sides of the same coin.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}16[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}を[収集]{しゅうしゅう:collection:N3}する[際]{さい:occasion:N3}の[本人]{ほんにん:the person:N5}[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}を[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}づけています。[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}には[二]{に:two:N5}つの[要素]{ようそ:element:N1}があります。（a）[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}：[提示]{ていじ:presentation:N1}された[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}が[正しい]{ただしい:correct:N4}ことの[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}（[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[通知書]{つうちしょ:notification document:N4}、[住民票]{じゅうみんひょう:resident register:N1}の[写し]{うつし:copy:N4}など）。（b）[身元]{みもと:identity:N4}[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}：[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}の[持ち主]{もちぬし:owner:N4}が[本人]{ほんにん:the person:N5}であることの[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}（[運転]{うんてん:driving:N4}[免許証]{めんきょしょう:license:N1}、パスポートなど[顔]{かお:face:N3}[写真]{しゃしん:photo:N4}[付]{つき:with:N3}[身分]{みぶん:identity:N4}[証明書]{しょうめいしょ:certificate:N1}）。[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}カードがあれば[一枚]{いちまい:one card:N2}で[両方]{りょうほう:both:N3}を[満たせ]{みたせ:to satisfy:N3}ます。\n\n#en\nArticle 16 mandates identity verification when collecting individual numbers. Verification has two elements: (a) Number verification — confirming the presented number is correct (individual number notification document, copy of resident register, etc.); (b) Identity verification — confirming the holder is the person (driver's license, passport, or other photo ID). A My Number card satisfies both requirements with a single card.\n::\n\n::callout\n[試験]{しけん:exam:N4}ポイント：[本人]{ほんにん:the person:N5}[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}＝[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}＋[身元]{みもと:identity:N4}[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}。[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}カードは[一枚]{いちまい:one card:N2}で[両方]{りょうほう:both:N3}を[兼ねる]{かねる:to serve both purposes:N1}。カードがない[場合]{ばあい:case:N3}は[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}[書類]{しょるい:documents:N3}＋[身元]{みもと:identity:N4}[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}[書類]{しょるい:documents:N3}の[二]{に:two:N5}[点]{てん:items:N3}が[必要]{ひつよう:necessary:N3}。この[組]{くみ:combination:N3}み[合わせ]{あわせ:combination:N3}は[頻出]{ひんしゅつ:frequently appearing:N1}です。\n\n#en\nExam point: Identity verification = number verification + identity verification. A My Number card serves both purposes with a single card. Without the card, two documents are needed — one for number verification and one for identity verification. This combination is frequently tested.\n::\n\n::heading\n[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}カード（[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}16[条]{じょう:article:N1}の2〜[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}18[条]{じょう:article:N1}の5）\n\n#en\nMy Number Cards (Articles 16-2 to 18-5)\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}16[条]{じょう:article:N1}の2は[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}カードの[定義]{ていぎ:definition:N1}と[記載]{きさい:entry:N1}[事項]{じこう:matters:N1}を[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}しています。[表面]{おもてめん:front side:N3}には[氏名]{しめい:full name:N1}・[住所]{じゅうしょ:address:N3}・[生年月日]{せいねんがっぴ:date of birth:N5}・[性別]{せいべつ:gender:N3}・[顔]{かお:face:N3}[写真]{しゃしん:photo:N4}が[記載]{きさい:entry:N1}され、[裏面]{うらめん:back side:N2}にマイナンバー（12[桁]{けた:digit:N1}）が[記載]{きさい:entry:N1}されています。ICチップには[電子]{でんし:electronic:N5}[証明書]{しょうめいしょ:certificate:N1}が[格納]{かくのう:stored:N1}されており、オンラインでの[本人]{ほんにん:the person:N5}[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}にも[利用]{りよう:use:N3}できます。なお、ICチップには[税]{ぜい:tax:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}や[年金]{ねんきん:pension:N5}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}などの[機微]{きび:sensitive:N1}な[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}は[記録]{きろく:record:N2}されていません。\n\n#en\nArticle 16-2 defines the My Number card and its contents. The front displays name, address, date of birth, gender, and photograph; the back displays the My Number (12 digits). Electronic certificates are stored in the IC chip, enabling online identity verification. Notably, the IC chip does not store sensitive personal information such as tax or pension data.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}16[条]{じょう:article:N1}の3から[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}16[条]{じょう:article:N1}の5はカードの[交付]{こうふ:issuance:N3}[手続]{てつづき:procedure:N3}を[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}しています。[市町村長]{しちょうそんちょう:mayor:N2}が[住民]{じゅうみん:resident:N3}の[申請]{しんせい:application:N1}に[基づき]{もとづき:based on:N1}カードを[交付]{こうふ:issuance:N3}します。[交付]{こうふ:issuance:N3}の[際]{さい:occasion:N3}には[本人]{ほんにん:the person:N5}[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}が[行わ]{おこなわ:to carry out:N5}れ、4[種類]{しゅるい:type:N3}の[暗証]{あんしょう:secret:N1}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}（PIN）が[設定]{せってい:setting:N2}されます：[署名]{しょめい:signature:N2}[用]{よう:for:N4}[電子]{でんし:electronic:N5}[証明書]{しょうめいしょ:certificate:N1}[用]{よう:for:N4}（6〜16[桁]{けた:digit:N1}の[英]{えい:English:N4}[数字]{すうじ:numbers:N3}）、[利用者]{りようしゃ:user:N3}[証明]{しょうめい:certification:N1}[用]{よう:for:N4}（[数字]{すうじ:numbers:N3}4[桁]{けた:digit:N1}）、[券面]{けんめん:card face:N2}[事項]{じこう:matters:N1}[入力]{にゅうりょく:input:N4}[補助]{ほじょ:auxiliary:N2}[用]{よう:for:N4}（[数字]{すうじ:numbers:N3}4[桁]{けた:digit:N1}）、[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[用]{よう:for:N4}（[数字]{すうじ:numbers:N3}4[桁]{けた:digit:N1}）です。[地方]{ちほう:local:N4}[公共]{こうきょう:public:N3}[団体]{だんたい:body:N2}[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}システム[機構]{きこう:organization:N3}（J-LIS）が[発行]{はっこう:issuance:N4}を[担い]{にない:to bear:N2}ます。\n\n#en\nArticles 16-3 through 16-5 govern card issuance procedures. The mayor issues cards based on resident applications. Identity verification is performed at issuance, and four PINs are set: signature electronic certificate (6-16 alphanumeric characters), user certification (4-digit numeric), card face data input assistance (4-digit numeric), and individual number use (4-digit numeric). J-LIS handles the actual card production.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}17[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[電子]{でんし:electronic:N5}[証明書]{しょうめいしょ:certificate:N1}に[関する]{かんする:regarding:N3}[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}です。カードには[二]{に:two:N5}[種類]{しゅるい:type:N3}の[電子]{でんし:electronic:N5}[証明書]{しょうめいしょ:certificate:N1}が[搭載]{とうさい:equipped:N1}されています。「[署名]{しょめい:signature:N2}[用]{よう:for:N4}[電子]{でんし:electronic:N5}[証明書]{しょうめいしょ:certificate:N1}」はe-Taxでの[確定]{かくてい:final:N3}[申告]{しんこく:declaration:N3}や[電子]{でんし:electronic:N5}[契約]{けいやく:contract:N1}など、[本人]{ほんにん:the person:N5}が[作成]{さくせい:creation:N3}した[文書]{ぶんしょ:document:N4}であることを[証明]{しょうめい:to prove:N1}します。[実印]{じついん:registered seal:N2}に[相当]{そうとう:equivalent:N3}する[機能]{きのう:function:N3}で、[氏名]{しめい:full name:N1}・[住所]{じゅうしょ:address:N3}・[生年月日]{せいねんがっぴ:date of birth:N5}・[性別]{せいべつ:gender:N3}が[記録]{きろく:record:N2}されています。「[利用者]{りようしゃ:user:N3}[証明]{しょうめい:certification:N1}[用]{よう:for:N4}[電子]{でんし:electronic:N5}[証明書]{しょうめいしょ:certificate:N1}」はマイナポータルへのログインやコンビニでの[証明書]{しょうめいしょ:certificate:N1}[発行]{はっこう:issuance:N4}など、[本人]{ほんにん:the person:N5}であることの[認証]{にんしょう:authentication:N1}に[使用]{しよう:use:N4}されます。[認印]{みとめいん:personal seal:N2}に[相当]{そうとう:equivalent:N3}し、[幅広い]{はばひろい:wide-ranging:N2}[場面]{ばめん:situation:N3}で[使え]{つかえ:can use:N4}ます。\n\n#en\nArticle 17 governs electronic certificates. The card has two types. The \"signature electronic certificate\" proves a document was created by the person — used for e-Tax returns, electronic contracts, etc. It functions like a registered seal (実印) and records name, address, date of birth, and gender. The \"user certification electronic certificate\" authenticates identity for logging into the Myna Portal, issuing certificates at convenience stores, etc. It functions like a personal seal (認印) and is usable in a wide range of situations.\n::\n\n::callout\n[試験]{しけん:exam:N4}[頻出]{ひんしゅつ:frequently appearing:N1}：[署名]{しょめい:signature:N2}[用]{よう:for:N4}＝[実印]{じついん:registered seal:N2}[相当]{そうとう:equivalent:N3}（[文書]{ぶんしょ:document:N4}の[作成者]{さくせいしゃ:author:N3}を[証明]{しょうめい:to prove:N1}、[氏名]{しめい:name:N1}+[住所]{じゅうしょ:address:N3}+[生年月日]{せいねんがっぴ:DOB:N5}+[性別]{せいべつ:gender:N3}を[含む]{ふくむ:to include:N2}）。[利用者]{りようしゃ:user:N3}[証明]{しょうめい:certification:N1}[用]{よう:for:N4}＝[認印]{みとめいん:personal seal:N2}[相当]{そうとう:equivalent:N3}（[本人]{ほんにん:the person:N5}であることの[認証]{にんしょう:authentication:N1}のみ）。[住所]{じゅうしょ:address:N3}[変更]{へんこう:change:N3}[時]{じ:at the time of:N5}は[署名]{しょめい:signature:N2}[用]{よう:for:N4}のみ[失効]{しっこう:invalidation:N2}する[点]{てん:point:N3}も[要]{よう:important:N3}チェック。\n\n#en\nFrequently tested: Signature certificate = equivalent to registered seal (proves document authorship, includes name + address + DOB + gender). User certification certificate = equivalent to personal seal (authentication of identity only). Also check: when the address changes, only the signature certificate is invalidated.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}18[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}カードの[利用]{りよう:use:N3}[場面]{ばめん:scene:N3}を[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}しています。マイナポータルへのログイン、[健康]{けんこう:health:N1}[保険証]{ほけんしょう:insurance card:N1}としての[利用]{りよう:use:N3}（2024[年]{ねん:year:N5}12[月]{がつ:month:N5}に[従来]{じゅうらい:conventional:N1}の[保険証]{ほけんしょう:insurance card:N1}[廃止]{はいし:abolition:N1}）、コンビニでの[住民票]{じゅうみんひょう:resident register:N1}の[写し]{うつし:copy:N4}や[印鑑]{いんかん:seal:N1}[登録]{とうろく:registration:N2}[証明書]{しょうめいしょ:certificate:N1}の[取得]{しゅとく:acquisition:N3}、[図書館]{としょかん:library:N4}カードとしての[利用]{りよう:use:N3}などがあります。[公的]{こうてき:public:N4}[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[認証]{にんしょう:authentication:N1}サービス（JPKI）がこれらの[機能]{きのう:function:N3}の[基盤]{きばん:platform:N1}です。ただし、マイナンバーそのものを[民間]{みんかん:private sector:N3}サービスの[本人]{ほんにん:the person:N5}[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}に[利用]{りよう:use:N3}するのではなく、ICチップ[内]{ない:inside:N3}の[電子]{でんし:electronic:N5}[証明書]{しょうめいしょ:certificate:N1}を[活用]{かつよう:utilization:N3}する[仕組み]{しくみ:mechanism:N3}です。\n\n#en\nArticle 18 governs the use cases of My Number cards: logging into the Myna Portal, use as a health insurance card (traditional cards abolished December 2024), obtaining copies of resident registers and seal registration certificates at convenience stores, use as a library card, etc. The Public Personal Authentication Service (JPKI) underpins these functions. Note that it is the electronic certificates in the IC chip that are used — not the My Number itself — for private-sector identity verification.\n::\n\n::para\n[法]{ほう:law:N3}[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}18[条]{じょう:article:N1}の2から[第]{だい:ordinal prefix:N1}18[条]{じょう:article:N1}の5はカードの[管理]{かんり:management:N2}、[有効]{ゆうこう:valid:N2}[期間]{きかん:period:N3}、[返納]{へんのう:return, surrender:N1}などを[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}しています。[有効]{ゆうこう:valid:N2}[期間]{きかん:period:N3}は[成人]{せいじん:adult:N3}（18[歳]{さい:years old:N3}[以上]{いじょう:or older:N4}）が[発行]{はっこう:issuance:N4}から10[年間]{ねんかん:years:N5}、[未成年者]{みせいねんしゃ:minor:N3}が5[年間]{ねんかん:years:N5}です。[電子]{でんし:electronic:N5}[証明書]{しょうめいしょ:certificate:N1}の[有効]{ゆうこう:valid:N2}[期限]{きげん:expiry:N3}は[年齢]{ねんれい:age:N2}にかかわらず[発行]{はっこう:issuance:N4}から5[回目]{かいめ:ordinal counter:N3}の[誕生日]{たんじょうび:birthday:N1}までです。カードの[紛失]{ふんしつ:loss:N1}・[破損]{はそん:damage:N2}[時]{じ:when:N5}や、[国外]{こくがい:overseas:N5}[転出]{てんしゅつ:moving out:N4}[時]{じ:when:N5}などに[返納]{へんのう:return:N1}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}が[発生]{はっせい:occurrence:N4}します。[法]{ほう:law:N3}18[条]{じょう:article:N1}の2はカード[所持者]{しょじしゃ:holder:N3}の[善良]{ぜんりょう:good, conscientious:N1}な[管理]{かんり:management:N2}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}を[定め]{さだめ:to stipulate:N3}、[法]{ほう:law:N3}18[条]{じょう:article:N1}の3は[有効]{ゆうこう:valid:N2}[期間]{きかん:period:N3}、[法]{ほう:law:N3}18[条]{じょう:article:N1}の4は[カード]{カード:card}の[返納]{へんのう:return:N1}、[法]{ほう:law:N3}18[条]{じょう:article:N1}の5は[その他]{そのた:other:N3}の[管理]{かんり:management:N2}[事項]{じこう:matters:N1}をそれぞれ[規定]{きてい:provision:N3}しています。\n\n#en\nArticles 18-2 through 18-5 govern card management, validity periods, and surrender. Validity is 10 years for adults (18+) and 5 years for minors. Electronic certificate validity is until the 5th birthday after issuance, regardless of age. Surrender obligations arise when the card is lost\u002Fdamaged or when moving overseas. Article 18-2 establishes the holder's duty of conscientious management, Article 18-3 covers validity periods, Article 18-4 covers card surrender, and Article 18-5 covers other management matters.\n::\n\n::callout\n[試験]{しけん:exam:N4}では[有効]{ゆうこう:valid:N2}[期間]{きかん:period:N3}が[頻出]{ひんしゅつ:frequently appearing:N1}。[成人]{せいじん:adult:N3}＝10[年]{ねん:year:N5}、[未成年者]{みせいねんしゃ:minor:N3}＝5[年]{ねん:year:N5}。[電子]{でんし:electronic:N5}[証明書]{しょうめいしょ:certificate:N1}は[年齢]{ねんれい:age:N2}にかかわらず5[回目]{かいめ:ordinal counter:N3}の[誕生日]{たんじょうび:birthday:N1}まで。カードの[有効]{ゆうこう:valid:N2}[期間]{きかん:period:N3}と[電子]{でんし:electronic:N5}[証明書]{しょうめいしょ:certificate:N1}の[有効]{ゆうこう:valid:N2}[期限]{きげん:expiry:N3}は[別]{べつ:different:N4}である[点]{てん:point:N3}に[注意]{ちゅうい:attention:N4}。\n\n#en\nValidity periods are frequently tested. Adults = 10 years, minors = 5 years. Electronic certificates are valid until the 5th birthday regardless of age. Note that card validity and electronic certificate validity are separate concepts.\n::\n\n::heading\nマイナンバー[制度]{せいど:system:N3}の[意義]{いぎ:significance:N1}と[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}の[実務]{じつむ:practical affairs:N3}\n\n#en\nSignificance of the My Number System and Practical Business Operations\n::\n\n::para\nマイナンバー[制度]{せいど:system:N3}の[導入]{どうにゅう:introduction:N2}により、[行政]{ぎょうせい:administration:N3}[機関]{きかん:institution:N3}[間]{かん:between:N5}の[情報]{じょうほう:information:N3}[連携]{れんけい:coordination:N1}が[可能]{かのう:possible:N3}となり、[国民]{こくみん:citizens:N3}は[各種]{かくしゅ:various:N2}[手続]{てつづき:procedure:N3}で[添付]{てんぷ:attachment:N1}[書類]{しょるい:documents:N3}が[削減]{さくげん:reduction:N1}されるなどの[恩恵]{おんけい:benefit:N1}を[受け]{うけ:to receive:N3}ます。[行政]{ぎょうせい:administration:N3}[側]{がわ:side:N3}にとっても、[所得]{しょとく:income:N3}[把握]{はあく:grasping:N1}の[正確性]{せいかくせい:accuracy:N3}が[向上]{こうじょう:improvement:N3}し、[不正]{ふせい:fraudulent:N4}[受給]{じゅきゅう:receipt:N3}の[防止]{ぼうし:prevention:N2}や[給付]{きゅうふ:benefits:N3}の[適正化]{てきせいか:optimization:N3}に[役立ち]{やくだち:to be useful:N3}ます。ただし、[制度]{せいど:system:N3}の[根幹]{こんかん:foundation:N1}はあくまで[法律]{ほうりつ:law:N2}に[基づく]{もとづく:based on:N1}[厳格]{げんかく:strict:N1}な[運用]{うんよう:operation:N4}です。\n\n#en\nWith the My Number system, information coordination between government agencies became possible, and citizens benefit from reduced attached documents for various procedures. For the government, income tracking accuracy improves, helping prevent fraudulent benefit receipt and optimize distribution. However, the system's foundation is strictly law-based operation.\n::\n\n::para\n[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operator:N4}にとっての[実務]{じつむ:practical affairs:N3}[上]{じょう:from the standpoint of:N5}の[留意]{りゅうい:attention:N3}[点]{てん:point:N3}をまとめます。[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}の[取得]{しゅとく:acquisition:N3}[時]{じ:at the time of:N5}には[必ず]{かならず:always:N3}[利用]{りよう:use:N3}[目的]{もくてき:purpose:N4}を[明示]{めいじ:explicitly state:N3}し、[本人]{ほんにん:the person:N5}[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}（[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}＋[身元]{みもと:identity:N4}[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}）を[行い]{おこない:to carry out:N5}ます。[取得]{しゅとく:acquisition:N3}した[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}は[安全]{あんぜん:safe:N3}[管理]{かんり:management:N2}[措置]{そち:measures:N1}を[講じて]{こうじて:to take (measures):N2}[保管]{ほかん:storage:N1}し（[法]{ほう:law:N3}12[条]{じょう:article:N1}）、[委託]{いたく:outsourcing:N1}[先]{さき:destination:N5}には[監督]{かんとく:supervision:N1}[義務]{ぎむ:obligation:N1}を[果たし]{はたし:to fulfill:N3}（[法]{ほう:law:N3}11[条]{じょう:article:N1}）、[法]{ほう:law:N3}[定]{さだ:prescribed:N3}の[事務]{じむ:work:N3}が[終了]{しゅうりょう:completion:N2}したら[速やか]{すみやか:promptly:N3}に[廃棄]{はいき:disposal:N1}または[削除]{さくじょ:deletion:N1}しなければなりません。[退職者]{たいしょくしゃ:retiree:N3}の[個人]{こじん:individual:N2}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}を[漫然]{まんぜん:aimlessly:N1}と[保管]{ほかん:storage:N1}し[続ける]{つづける:to continue:N3}ことは[違法]{いほう:illegal:N3}です。\n\n#en\nSummary of practical points for business operators: When acquiring individual numbers, always state the purpose and perform identity verification (number + identity verification). Store acquired numbers with safety management measures (Article 12), fulfill supervision obligations over outsourcing destinations (Article 11), and promptly dispose of or delete them when the legally prescribed work is complete. Carelessly continuing to store former employees' individual numbers is illegal.\n::\n\n::callout\n[総]{そう:comprehensive:N2}まとめ：[法]{ほう:law:N3}1〜6[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[目的]{もくてき:purpose:N4}・[定義]{ていぎ:definition:N1}・[理念]{りねん:principle:N3}・[責務]{せきむ:duty:N3}。[法]{ほう:law:N3}7〜8[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}の[指定]{してい:designation:N3}・[生成]{せいせい:generation:N3}。[法]{ほう:law:N3}9[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[利用]{りよう:use:N3}[範囲]{はんい:scope:N1}の[限定]{げんてい:limited:N3}[列挙]{れっきょ:enumeration:N1}。[法]{ほう:law:N3}10〜12[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[委託]{いたく:outsourcing:N1}・[監督]{かんとく:supervision:N1}・[管理]{かんり:management:N2}。[法]{ほう:law:N3}13[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}[変更]{へんこう:change:N3}。[法]{ほう:law:N3}14〜16[条]{じょう:article:N1}は[提供]{ていきょう:provision:N1}と[本人]{ほんにん:the person:N5}[確認]{かくにん:verification:N3}。[法]{ほう:law:N3}16[条]{じょう:article:N1}の2〜18[条]{じょう:article:N1}の5はカードの[全般]{ぜんぱん:overall:N2}。[条文]{じょうぶん:article text:N1}[番号]{ばんごう:number:N3}と[内容]{ないよう:content:N3}の[対応]{たいおう:correspondence:N1}を[正確]{せいかく:accurate:N3}に[覚え]{おぼえ:to memorize:N3}ましょう。\n\n#en\nComprehensive summary: Articles 1-6 cover purpose, definitions, principles, and duties. Articles 7-8 cover number assignment and generation. Article 9 is the exhaustive enumeration of use scope. Articles 10-12 cover outsourcing, supervision, and management. Article 13 covers number changes. Articles 14-16 cover provision requests and identity verification. Articles 16-2 through 18-5 cover all aspects of the My Number card. Memorize the correspondence between article numbers and their content accurately.\n::\n",{"id":222,"title":228,"titleEn":229,"topicPath":230,"questions":231},"第11編 マイナンバー法 確認テスト","Chapter 11: My Number Act — Practice Test","software\u002Fkojin-joho-hogo\u002Fkadai-1\u002Fhen-11-my-number",[232,260,284,309,332],{"id":233,"articleId":6,"question":234,"options":237,"correctLabel":243,"explanation":254,"tags":257},"kjh-k1-h11-q01",{"en":235,"jp":236},"Which of the following is correct about the scope of use of My Number?","マイナンバーの[利用]{りよう:use}[範囲]{はんい:scope}として[正]{ただ:correct}しいものはどれか。",[238,242,246,250],{"label":239,"jp":240,"en":241},"ア","[民間]{みんかん:private sector}[企業]{きぎょう:company}が[自由]{じゆう:freely}にマーケティングに[利用]{りよう:use}できる","Private companies can freely use it for marketing",{"label":243,"jp":244,"en":245},"イ","[社会]{しゃかい:social}[保障]{ほしょう:security}、[税]{ぜい:tax}、[災害]{さいがい:disaster}[対策]{たいさく:countermeasures}の3[分野]{ぶんや:fields}に[限定]{げんてい:limited}されている","Limited to three fields: social security, tax, and disaster countermeasures",{"label":247,"jp":248,"en":249},"ウ","[医療]{いりょう:medical}、[教育]{きょういく:education}、[金融]{きんゆう:finance}の3[分野]{ぶんや:fields}に[限定]{げんてい:limited}されている","Limited to three fields: medical, education, and finance",{"label":251,"jp":252,"en":253},"エ","[利用]{りよう:use}[範囲]{はんい:scope}に[制限]{せいげん:restriction}はない","There are no restrictions on the scope of use",{"en":255,"jp":256},"The scope of use for My Number is strictly limited by law to three fields: social security, tax, and disaster countermeasures. Private companies can only use it for administrative processing within these fields.","マイナンバーの[利用]{りよう:use}[範囲]{はんい:scope}は[法律]{ほうりつ:law}で[社会]{しゃかい:social}[保障]{ほしょう:security}、[税]{ぜい:tax}、[災害]{さいがい:disaster}[対策]{たいさく:countermeasures}の3[分野]{ぶんや:fields}に[厳]{きび:strictly}しく[限定]{げんてい:limited}されている。[民間]{みんかん:private sector}[企業]{きぎょう:company}はこれらの[分野]{ぶんや:fields}の[事務]{じむ:administrative}[処理]{しょり:processing}のためにのみ[利用]{りよう:use}できる。",[258,259],"マイナンバー","利用範囲",{"id":261,"articleId":262,"question":263,"options":266,"correctLabel":243,"explanation":279,"tags":282},"kjh-k1-h11-q02","kjh-k1-h01-hotaikei",{"en":264,"jp":265},"Which of the following is correct about restrictions on providing My Number?","マイナンバーの[提供]{ていきょう:provision}[制限]{せいげん:restriction}について[正]{ただ:correct}しいものはどれか。",[267,270,273,276],{"label":239,"jp":268,"en":269},"[本人]{ほんにん:individual}の[同意]{どうい:consent}があれば[誰]{だれ:anyone}にでも[提供]{ていきょう:provide}できる","It can be provided to anyone with the individual's consent",{"label":243,"jp":271,"en":272},"[本人]{ほんにん:individual}の[同意]{どうい:consent}があっても[法定]{ほうてい:statutory}の[事務]{じむ:administrative}[以外]{いがい:other than}には[提供]{ていきょう:provide}できない","Even with the individual's consent, it cannot be provided for non-statutory purposes",{"label":247,"jp":274,"en":275},"グループ[会社]{がいしゃ:company}[間]{かん:between}であれば[自由]{じゆう:freely}に[提供]{ていきょう:provide}できる","It can be freely provided between group companies",{"label":251,"jp":277,"en":278},"[暗号化]{あんごうか:encrypted}すれば[提供]{ていきょう:provision}[制限]{せいげん:restriction}は[適用]{てきよう:applied}されない","Provision restrictions do not apply if encrypted",{"en":280,"jp":281},"My Number is subject to stricter regulations than the Personal Information Protection Law. Providing it for purposes other than those defined by law is prohibited even with the individual's consent. This differs greatly from the \"provision possible with consent\" approach of the Personal Information Protection Law.","マイナンバーは[個人]{こじん:personal}[情報]{じょうほう:information}[保護]{ほご:protection}[法]{ほう:law}よりも[厳]{きび:stricter}しい[規制]{きせい:regulation}が[適用]{てきよう:applied}される。[本人]{ほんにん:individual}の[同意]{どうい:consent}があっても、[法]{ほう:law}で[定]{さだ:defined}められた[事務]{じむ:administrative}[以外]{いがい:other than}の[目的]{もくてき:purpose}で[提供]{ていきょう:provide}することは[禁止]{きんし:prohibited}。これは[個人]{こじん:personal}[情報]{じょうほう:information}[保護]{ほご:protection}[法]{ほう:law}の「[同意]{どうい:consent}があれば[提供]{ていきょう:provide}[可能]{かのう:possible}」とは[大]{おお:greatly}きく[異]{こと:different}なる。",[258,283],"提供制限",{"id":285,"articleId":286,"question":287,"options":290,"correctLabel":243,"explanation":303,"tags":306},"kjh-k1-h11-q03","kjh-k1-h11-my-number-hogo",{"en":288,"jp":289},"Which of the following is correct about the Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA) for specific personal information?","[特定]{とくてい:specific}[個人]{こじん:personal}[情報]{じょうほう:information}[保護]{ほご:protection}[評価]{ひょうか:assessment}（PIA）について[正]{ただ:correct}しいものはどれか。",[291,294,297,300],{"label":239,"jp":292,"en":293},"[全]{すべ:all}ての[民間]{みんかん:private sector}[事業者]{じぎょうしゃ:business operators}に[義務]{ぎむ:obligated}づけられている","It is obligated for all private business operators",{"label":243,"jp":295,"en":296},"[行政]{ぎょうせい:government}[機関]{きかん:agency}や[地方]{ちほう:local}[公共]{こうきょう:public}[団体]{だんたい:bodies}が[特定]{とくてい:specific}[個人]{こじん:personal}[情報]{じょうほう:information}ファイルを[保有]{ほゆう:retain}する[前]{まえ:before}に[実施]{じっし:conduct}する[評価]{ひょうか:assessment}","An assessment conducted by government agencies and local public bodies before retaining specific personal information files",{"label":247,"jp":298,"en":299},"PIAの[結果]{けっか:results}は[非]{ひ:non-}[公開]{こうかい:public}である","PIA results are non-public",{"label":251,"jp":301,"en":302},"PIAはPPCが[直接]{ちょくせつ:directly}[実施]{じっし:conduct}する","PIA is directly conducted by the PPC",{"en":304,"jp":305},"The Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA) for specific personal information assesses the impact on privacy before government agencies and local public bodies retain specific personal information files. Assessment results are publicized. Each government agency is the conducting entity.","[特定]{とくてい:specific}[個人]{こじん:personal}[情報]{じょうほう:information}[保護]{ほご:protection}[評価]{ひょうか:assessment}（PIA）は、[行政]{ぎょうせい:government}[機関]{きかん:agency}や[地方]{ちほう:local}[公共]{こうきょう:public}[団体]{だんたい:bodies}が[特定]{とくてい:specific}[個人]{こじん:personal}[情報]{じょうほう:information}ファイルを[保有]{ほゆう:retain}する[前]{まえ:before}に、プライバシーへの[影響]{えいきょう:impact}を[評価]{ひょうか:assess}するもの。[評価]{ひょうか:assessment}[結果]{けっか:results}は[公表]{こうひょう:publicized}される。[実施]{じっし:conduct}[主体]{しゅたい:entity}は[各]{かく:each}[行政]{ぎょうせい:government}[機関]{きかん:agency}。",[307,308],"PIA","特定個人情報保護評価",{"id":310,"articleId":286,"question":311,"options":314,"correctLabel":243,"explanation":327,"tags":330},"kjh-k1-h11-q04",{"en":312,"jp":313},"Which of the following is correct about the corporate number?","[法人]{ほうじん:corporation}[番号]{ばんごう:number}について[正]{ただ:correct}しいものはどれか。",[315,318,321,324],{"label":239,"jp":316,"en":317},"12[桁]{けた:digits}で[非]{ひ:non-}[公開]{こうかい:public}","12 digits, non-public",{"label":243,"jp":319,"en":320},"13[桁]{けた:digits}で[公開]{こうかい:public}","13 digits, public",{"label":247,"jp":322,"en":323},"12[桁]{けた:digits}で[公開]{こうかい:public}","12 digits, public",{"label":251,"jp":325,"en":326},"13[桁]{けた:digits}で[非]{ひ:non-}[公開]{こうかい:public}","13 digits, non-public",{"en":328,"jp":329},"The corporate number is 13 digits and public. My Number (individual number) is 12 digits and non-public. This difference is a frequently tested point on the exam.","[法人]{ほうじん:corporation}[番号]{ばんごう:number}は13[桁]{けた:digits}で[公開]{こうかい:public}される。マイナンバー（[個人]{こじん:individual}[番号]{ばんごう:number}）は12[桁]{けた:digits}で[非]{ひ:non-}[公開]{こうかい:public}。この[違]{ちが:difference}いは[試験]{しけん:exam}で[頻出]{ひんしゅつ:frequently tested}のポイント。",[331],"法人番号",{"id":333,"articleId":286,"question":334,"options":337,"correctLabel":243,"explanation":350,"tags":353},"kjh-k1-h11-q05",{"en":335,"jp":336},"Which of the following is correct about penalties under the My Number Act?","マイナンバー[法]{ほう:law}の[罰則]{ばっそく:penalties}について[正]{ただ:correct}しいものはどれか。",[338,341,344,347],{"label":239,"jp":339,"en":340},"[個人]{こじん:personal}[情報]{じょうほう:information}[保護]{ほご:protection}[法]{ほう:law}と[同]{おな:same}じ[罰則]{ばっそく:penalties}が[適用]{てきよう:applied}される","The same penalties as the Personal Information Protection Law apply",{"label":243,"jp":342,"en":343},"[正当]{せいとう:legitimate}な[理由]{りゆう:reason}なく[特定]{とくてい:specific}[個人]{こじん:personal}[情報]{じょうほう:information}ファイルを[提供]{ていきょう:provided}した[場合]{ばあい:case}、4[年]{ねん:years}[以下]{いか:or less}の[懲役]{ちょうえき:imprisonment}[又]{また:or}は200[万]{まん:ten thousand}[円]{えん:yen}[以下]{いか:or less}の[罰金]{ばっきん:fine}","Providing a specific personal information file without legitimate reason: 4 years imprisonment or 2 million yen fine",{"label":247,"jp":345,"en":346},"[罰則]{ばっそく:penalties}は[行政罰]{ぎょうせいばつ:administrative penalty}のみ","Penalties are only administrative",{"label":251,"jp":348,"en":349},"マイナンバー[法]{ほう:law}には[罰則]{ばっそく:penalties}[規定]{きてい:provisions}がない","The My Number Act has no penalty provisions",{"en":351,"jp":352},"Penalties under the My Number Act are stricter than the Personal Information Protection Law. Providing a specific personal information file without legitimate reason carries 4 years imprisonment or 2 million yen fine. This is significantly heavier compared to 1 year under the Personal Information Protection Law.","マイナンバー[法]{ほう:law}の[罰則]{ばっそく:penalties}は[個人]{こじん:personal}[情報]{じょうほう:information}[保護]{ほご:protection}[法]{ほう:law}より[厳]{きび:stricter}しい。[正当]{せいとう:legitimate}な[理由]{りゆう:reason}なく[特定]{とくてい:specific}[個人]{こじん:personal}[情報]{じょうほう:information}ファイルを[提供]{ていきょう:provided}した[場合]{ばあい:case}は4[年]{ねん:years}[以下]{いか:or less}の[懲役]{ちょうえき:imprisonment}[又]{また:or}は200[万]{まん:ten thousand}[円]{えん:yen}[以下]{いか:or less}の[罰金]{ばっきん:fine}。[個人]{こじん:personal}[情報]{じょうほう:information}[保護]{ほご:protection}[法]{ほう:law}の1[年]{ねん:year}[以下]{いか:or less}と[比較]{ひかく:compare}して[大幅]{おおはば:significantly}に[重]{おも:heavier}い。",[258,354],"罰則"]